Table 3.
Comparison of toxic effects induced by different types of SiNPs (in vitro)
| SiNP type | Cell type | Cytotoxicity | Apoptosis | Genotoxicity | Oxidative stress | Pro-inflammation | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colloidal | Caco2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Tarantini et al. (2015a, b) |
| Colloidal | HepG2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | Li et al. (2011) |
| Colloidal | V79 and A549 | ✓ | n/a | ✓ | n/a | n/a | Maser et al. (2015) |
| Colloidal | J744.1 | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | ✓ | ✓ | Lee et al. (2011) |
| Colloidal | PBMC | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | ✓ | ✓ | Mendoza et al. (2014) |
| Stöber | Huvecs | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Duan et al. (2013a) |
| Stöber | HepG2 | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | ✓ | n/a | Sun et al. (2011) |
| Stöber | HepG2 | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | ✓ | n/a | Wang et al. (2013) |
| Stöber | HaCaT | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | ✓ | n/a | Liang et al. (2014) |
| Stöber | EA.hy926 | ✓ | n/a | n/a | ✓ | n/a | Napierska et al. (2012a, b) |
| Precipitated | V79 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | n/a | Guichard et al. (2016) |
| Precipitated | Mouse fibroblast | ✓ | n/a | ✘ | n/a | n/a | Uboldi et al. (2012) |
| Precipitated | GES-1 and caco2 | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | ✓ | n/a | Yang et al. (2014a, b) |
| Precipitated | HepG2 | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | ✓ | n/a | Ahmad et al. (2012) |
| Precipitated | A549 and A431 | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | ✓ | n/a | Ahamed (2013) |
| Precipitated | M-HS | ✓ | n/a | n/a | ✘ | ✓ | Di Cristo et al. (2016) |
| Precipitated | RAW.264.7 | ✓ | n/a | n/a | ✘ | ✓ | Di Cristo et al. (2016) |
| Pyrogenic | V79 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | n/a | Guichard et al. (2016) |
| Pyrogenic | GES-1 and caco2 | ✓ | ✓ | n/a | ✘ | n/a | Yang et al. (2014a, b) |
| Pyrogenic | HT-9 | ✓ | n/a | n/a | ✘ | n/a | Gehrke et al. (2013) |
| Pyrogenic | RAW.264.7 | ✓ | n/a | n/a | ✘ | ✓ | Di Cristo et al. (2016) |
| Pyrogenic | M-HS | ✓ | n/a | n/a | ✓ | ✓ | Di Cristo et al. (2016) |
n/a, not investigated; ✓, positive; ✘, negative