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. 2017 Aug 18;7:8855. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09592-5

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Depiction of the engineered yeast platform for production of carnosic acid-related diterpenes. The modular yeast platform previously developed in AM119-4 strain (panel a, light grey background; ref. 20) was optimized for carnosic acid production in three steps, including engineering of a shorter linker (GSG) between the M1 and M2a parts (panel b), chromosomal integration of SpCytb ₅ in strain AM141 (dark grey background) (panel c), and modulation of CPR expression by switching from the strong inducible promoter P_GAL1 (dark orange) to the weaker constitutive P_TPI1 promoter (light orange) (panel d).