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. 2017 Aug 18;4:135. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00135

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Copyright © 2017 Goggs, De Rosa and Fletcher.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Canine ionized calcium concentrations have a U-shaped relationship with case fatality rates. Low- or high-ionized calcium concentrations are associated with increased case fatality rates. Ionized calcium values were banded into 0.05 mmol/L bins, and the percentage case fatality for the patients in each of these subgroups was calculated. The dotted lines denote the case fatality rate across the entire data set (the background case fatality rate). Panel (A) represents data from all samples (n = 33,117), including those from patients that were euthanized, while panel (B) represents data from patients that survived or died only (i.e., euthanized patients were excluded) (n = 27,904).