. 2017 Aug 19;13(10):110. doi: 10.1007/s11306-017-1241-8

Table 2.

Studies that collected end-tidal or ‘alveolar’ breath

Brief description	Breath collection container	Pre-concentration method	Reference
CO₂ visual control & mixed expiratory using plastic straws	Tedlar bag	TD tube—Tenax TA/Carboxen 569/Carboxen 1000	(Filipiak et al. 2014)
CO₂ visual control	Tedlar bag	TD tube—Tenax TA	(Grabowska-Polanowska et al. 2013)
CO₂ visual control	Nalophan bag	TD tube—Tenax GR	(Salvo et al. 2015)
CO₂ visual control	Tedlar bag	SPME—75 µM CAR/PDMS	(Mochalski et al. 2014)
CO₂ visual control	Tedlar bag Gas-tight syringe, glass vial	SPME—PDMS, PDMS/DVB, PA, CAR/PDMS, CW/DVB, DVB/CAR/PDMS SPME—75 µM CAR/PDMS	(Bajtarevic et al. 2009; Buszewski et al. 2009; Ligor et al. 2007; Ulanowska et al. 2011; Ulanowska et al. 2012)
CO₂ visual control	Tedlar bag Gas-tight syringe, glass vial	SPME—CAR/PDMS	(Miekisch et al. 2008)
CO₂ visual control	Tedlar bag	NTD—Tenax TA/Carbopack X/Carboxen 1000	(Mochalski et al. 2013)
CO₂ visual control	–	NTD—Tenax TA/Carbopack X/Carboxen 1000	(Gruber et al. 2016)
CO₂ visual control	–	NTD—Tenax TA/Carbopack X/Carboxen 1000	(Mieth et al. 2010)
CO₂ visual control	Gas-tight syringe, glass vial	SPME—75 µM CAR/PDMS	(Guo et al. 2015; Wang et al. 2014)
CO₂ visual control	Gas-tight syringe, glass vial	SPME—CAR/PDMS SPME—75 µM CAR/PDMS SPME—65 µM PDMS/DVB	(Fuchs et al. 2010; Goerl et al. 2013; Kischkel et al. 2012; Pabst et al. 2007; Schubert et al. 2005)
Rebreathed air	Tedlar bag	Freeze-trap breath in glass U-tube	(Jones et al. 1983)
*CO₂ visual control	glass syringe	TD tube—Carbotrap B/Carbopack X	(Filipiak et al. 2015)

CW carbowax, NTD needle trap device, asterisk (*) denotes ventilated patients