FIG 3.

Inflammasomes are not involved in IL-1α secretion. Macrophages from WT, caspase-1^−/−, and ASC^−/− mice were infected with D39 at an MOI of 1. (A to C) The levels of IL-1α, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the culture supernatants were detected by an ELISA. (D) In addition, Western blotting was carried out to detect pro-IL-1α in the cell lysate and mature IL-1α in the supernatant 24 h after infection. (E) Macrophages were treated with 10 μM cytochalasin B 30 min prior to infection, and the level of IL-1α production was measured 24 h after infection. (F) Furthermore, the mature forms of IL-1α and IL-1β were detected by Western blotting in the culture supernatant. β-Actin was detected as a loading control. All of the experiments were repeated three times. Statistical significance was determined by using one-way ANOVA. *, P < 0.05. DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide.