Figure 1.

Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the Methanomassiliicoccales showing the diversity of human-associated Methanomassiliicoccales. Sequences in red are from human-associated Methanomassiliicoccales and sequences in bold are obtained in this study; large arrows indicate draft genomes obtained in this study and small arrows indicate sequences corresponding to complete or draft genomes obtained in previous studies. Underlined sequences correspond to cultured representatives. Sequences of human-associated Methanobacteriales were used to root the tree. Mx-07 to Mx-09 sequences are not included due to too short sequences available for correct assignment but are given in Supplementary Information. Bootstrapping using 200 iterations was performed, black-filled dots indicate nodes with bootstrap supports >90%, gray-filled dot >70% and white-filled dot >50%.