Table 2. Literature on the effectiveness of CCLAD in adult.
| Author | Publication Year | Number of patients | Device | Anesthesia method | Anesthesia area | Operation type | Evaluation | Evaluation method | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saloum | 2000 | 40 | Wand® | IA, BA | Mx. Premolar, IAN | NA | Pain | VAS | Less pain |
| Rosenberg | 2002 | 150 | Wand® | PDL, IA, BA | Random | Periodontal | Patient satisfaction, Acceptance | VAS | Superior |
| Lee | 2004 | 40 | Wand® | IA | AMSA | NA | Anesthetic success | EPT | Superior |
| Onset | Similar | ||||||||
| Duration | Similar | ||||||||
| Loomer | 2004 | 20 | Wand® | IA | Mx. | Periodontal | Pain, Anesthetic success | VAS, VRS | Less pain (GP, NP) |
| Nusstein | 2004 | 40 | Wand® | IA | AMSA | Endodontic | Pain | VAS | Needle insertion: similar |
| Anesthetic soultion deposition: less pain | |||||||||
| Sumer | 2006 | 52 | Wand® | BA | IAN | Extraction | Pain | PRS, VAS | Less pain |
| Anxiety | DAS | More anxiety | |||||||
| Yesilyurt | 2008 | 40 | Wand® | BA | IAN | Operative | Pain | PRS, VAS | Less Pain |
| Yenisey | 2009 | 16 | Wand® | IA | AMSA | Prosthetic | Pain | VRS | Needle insertion: less pain |
| Delivery of local anesthetic: less pain | |||||||||
| Tooth preparation: same pain level | |||||||||
| Ozer | 2012 | 40 | QuickSleeper® | IA, BA | Mn. | Extraction | Pain | VAS | Less pain |
| Anesthetic Success | Superior | ||||||||
| Shah | 2012 | 10 | Wand® | IA | AMSA | Periodontal | Pain | VAS | Less pain |
| Beneito-Brotons | 2012 | 30 | Quicksleeper® | IO | Mn. | Operative | Latency | Time | Shorter latency |
| Simple | Duration | Preference | Sufficient duration | ||||||
| Extraction | Patient preference | More preferred | |||||||
| Singh | 2013 | 100 | Anaeject (Septodont) | IA | Mx. Canine | Operative | Pain | VAS | Less pain |
| Kammerer PW | 2014 | 41 | STA-System | PDL, IANB | Mn. Posterior | Operative | Pain anaesthetic efficacy | NRS | Less pain (than IANB), |
| More pain (than PDL) | |||||||||
| Similar anesthetic efficacy | |||||||||
| Pain injection: no difference | |||||||||
| Chang H | 2016 | 31 | iCT | IA | Mx . Posterior | Periodontal | Pain | VAS | Less pain |
| Anxiety | DAS | Similar | |||||||
| Stress | PSS | Similar |
IA: infiltration anesthesia, BA: Block anesthesia, PDL: periodontal ligament anesthesia, IS: interseptal anesthesia, IO: intraosseous anesthesia, Mx.: maxillary, Mn.: mandibular, IAN: inferior alveolar nerve, AMSA: anterior middle superior alveolar, NA: nNot available, GP: greater palatine, NP: nasopalatine; EPT: Electric pulp tester, VAS: Visual analog scale, VRS: verbal rating score, PRS: pain rating scale, DAS: dental anxiety scale, PSS: perceived stress scale