Table 1. Characteristics of primary and validation cohort patients.
| Variable | Primary Cohort (n = 416) | Validation cohort (n = 176) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||
| ≤ 60 | 261 (62.9 %) | 105 (59.7 %) |
| > 60 | 154 (37.1 %) | 71 (40.3 %) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 258 (62.2 %) | 115 (65.3 %) |
| Female | 157 (37.8 %) | 61 (34.7 %) |
| T stage | ||
| 1 | 337 (81.6 %) | 144 (81.8 %) |
| 2 | 44 (10.7 %) | 18 (10.2 %) |
| 3 | 32 (7.7 %) | 14 (8.0 %) |
| N stage | ||
| 0 | 405 (97.6 %) | 174 (98.9 %) |
| 1 | 10 (2.4 %) | 2 (1.1 %) |
| Fuhrman grade | ||
| 1 | 85 (21.1 %) | 34 (19.3 %) |
| 2 | 200 (49.8 %) | 80 (45.5 %) |
| 3 | 94 (23.4 %) | 43 (25.0 %) |
| 4 | 23 (5.7 %) | 10 (5.7 %) |
| Tumor size, cm | ||
| ≤ 5 | 265 (64.2 %) | 114 (64.8 %) |
| > 5 | 148 (35.8 %) | 61 (34.7 %) |
| Tumor necrosis | ||
| Absent | 375 (90.4 %) | 158 (89.8 %) |
| Present | 40 (9.6 %) | 18 (10.2 %) |
| LVI | ||
| Absent | 394 (94.9 %) | 165 (93.8 %) |
| Present | 21 (5.1 %) | 11 (6.3 %) |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | ||
| ≤ LLN | 49 (11.9 %) | 20 (11.4 %) |
| > LLN | 364 (88.1 %) | 156 (88.6 %) |
| AKP | ||
| ≤ ULN | 396 (96.4 %) | 171 (97.1 %) |
| > ULN | 15 (3.6 %) | 5 (2.9 %) |
| LDH | ||
| ≤ 1.5*ULN | 404 (98.3 %) | 174 (98.8 %) |
| > 1.5*ULN | 7 (1.7 %) | 2 (1.2 %) |
| BMI (Kg/ m2) | ||
| ≤ 18.5 | 43 (10.3 %) | 26 (14.8 %) |
| 18.5–24.5 | 313 (75.2 %) | 99 (56.2 %) |
| > 24.5 | 56 (13.5 %) | 49 (27.8 %) |
| AGR | ||
| ≤ 1.22 | 72 (17.3) | 32 (18.2) |
| > 1.22 | 344 (82.7) | 144 (81.8) |
| NLR | ||
| ≤ 2.17 | 214 (51.7 %) | 96 (54.5 %) |
| > 2.17 | 199 (48.2 %) | 80 (45.5 %) |
| MLR | ||
| ≤ 0.30 | 273 (66.1 %) | 118 (67.0 %) |
| > 0.30 | 140 (33.9 %) | 58 (33.0 %) |
| PLR | ||
| ≤ 179.83 | 356 (86.0 %) | 153 (86.9 %) |
| > 179.83 | 57 (13.8 %) | 22 (12.5 %) |
| GPS | ||
| 0 | 351 (84.6 %) | 149 (84.7) |
| 1 | 46 (11.1 %) | 16 (9.1) |
| 2 | 18 (4.3 %) | 11 (6.3) |
| mGPS | ||
| 0 | 366 (88.6 %) | 153 (86.9 %) |
| 1 | 29 (7.0 %) | 12 (6.8 %) |
| 2 | 18 (4.4 %) | 11 (6.3 %) |
Abbreviations: PSM, propensity score matching; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; AKP, alkaline phosphatase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; BMI, body mass index; AGR, albumin to globulin ratio; NLR, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; MLR, monocyte to lymphocyte ratio; PLR, the platelet to lymphocyte ratio; GPS, Glasgow Prognostic Score; mGPS, modified Glasgow Prognostic Score.