Parameter means for compositional (mineral-to-matrix ratio, MM; collagen maturity, XLR; and crystallinity, XST) and nanomechanical (reduced modulus E; hardness H) properties, showing differences between cortical bone from bisphosphonate-treated (+BIS) or -untreated (−BIS) patients with atypical, typical, or no fracture. Data are shown raw (not age-adjusted), and only effects of fracture status (Atypical, Typical, or Nonfracture) that reached significance (*P < 0.05) or had a nonsignificant trend (#P < 0.10) are reported here. For a connecting letters report showing pairwise differences between all groups see Fig. S2.