Table 4.
HDL-modifying substances in clinical trials
| Drug (Manufacturer) | Properties | Development status |
|---|---|---|
| RVX-208 (Resverlogix) | Substance stimulates APOA1 transcription | Phase IIb IVUS study neutral [113] |
| CER-001 (Cerenis) | HDL mimetic produced from recombinant APOA1 complexed with phospholipids | IVUS-Study neutral, additional studies ongoing [114] |
| CSL111 (CSL Behring) | HDL mimetic produced from human APOA1 reconstituted with phospholipids | Further development cancelled |
| CSL112 (CSL Behring) | HDL mimetic produced from human APOA1 reconstituted with phospholipids | Replaces CSL 111 |
| Recombinant APOA1 Milano; ETC-216, now MDCO-216 (The Medicines Company) |
Natural mutation variant of APOA1, associated with a low rate of cardiovascular disease | Development stopped late 2016 111 |
| APP018 (Bruin Pharma, licenced to Novartis in 2005) | Oral APOA1 mimetic (peptide), also known as D-4F | Current development status unclear |
| Delipidated HDL | Low-lipid HDL, produced by selective delipidation of HDL; can be used by autologous reinfusion (aphaeresis) | Current development status unclear |
| ACP-501 (AlphaCore Pharma, recently taken over by MedImmune) | Recombinant, human LCAT | Tested in Phase I study |
APOAI apolipoprotein 1, CETP cholesteryl ester transfer protein, LCAT lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase. Modified as per B.A. Kingwell et al. [110]