Table 1.
Baseline characteristics, XR-NTX vs. Treatment as Usual (TAU).
| XR-NTX (n=153) n (%) |
TAU (n=155) n (%) |
|
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Male | 129 (84.3%) | 132 (85.2%) |
|
| ||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 44.4 (9.2) | 43.2 (9.4) |
|
| ||
| Race/Ethnicity: | ||
| Caucasian | 31 (20.4%) | 30 (19.4%) |
| African American | 81 (53.3%) | 74 (47.7%) |
| Hispanic | 37 (24.3%) | 45 (29.0%) |
|
| ||
| Years of education, mean (SD) | 11.5 (2.2) | 11.5 (1.8) |
|
| ||
| Current employment | 26 (17.0%) | 29 (18.7%) |
|
| ||
| Current CJS supervision* | 121 (79.8%) | 124 (80.0%) |
| Probation | 55 (36.0%) | 62 (40.0%) |
| Parole | 57 (37.3%) | 54 (34.8%) |
| Other | 9 (5.9%) | 8 (5.2%) |
| No CJS supervision† | 32 (20.2%) | 31 (20.0%) |
|
| ||
| Health insurance, any | 109 (71.2%) | 111 (71.6%) |
|
| ||
| Medicaid | 70 (45.8%) | 65 (41.9%) |
|
| ||
| Opioid use history, lifetime | ||
| Opioid dependence (DSM-IV) | 153 (100%) | 155 (100%) |
| Heroin use | 135 (88.8%) | 137 (88.4%) |
| Other (non-heroin) opioid use | 77 (50.7%) | 74 (47.7%) |
| Injection drug use | 64 (42.1%) | 62 (40.0%) |
|
| ||
| Opioid use, past 30 days | ||
| Heroin use | 32 (21.1%) | 43 (27.7%) |
| Other (non-heroin) opioid use | 31 (20.4%) | 26 (16.8%) |
| Any opioid use | 47 (30.9%) | 59 (38.1%) |
|
| ||
| Needed opioid detox to enter study | 13 (8.5%) | 14 (9.0%) |
|
| ||
| Cocaine use, past 30 days | 30 (19.7%) | 29 (18.7%) |
|
| ||
| Heavy alcohol use, past 30 days | 18 (11.8%) | 19 (12.3%) |
*
Current CJS supervision defined as parole, probation, or other (drug court, diversion, alternative to sentencing program) involvement at baseline.
†
No CJS supervision defined as recent criminal justice involvement (i.e., arrest, incarceration, conviction, plea bargain) 0–12 months prior to baseline, with no current CJS supervision as above.