Table 2.
Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for the development of diabetes associated with the combination of metabolic syndrome components.
| Number of components, except impaired fasting glucose | Impaired fasting glucose | Central obesity | High blood pressure | Dyslipidemiaa | Population at risk (n) | Number of events | Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without impaired fasting glucose | |||||||
| 0 | (−) | (−) | (−) | (−) | 19,155 | 126 | Reference |
| 1 | (−) | (+) | (−) | (−) | 2210 | 33 | 2.2 (1.5–3.3) |
| 1 | (−) | (−) | (+) | (−) | 5142 | 71 | 1.8 (1.4–2.5) |
| 1 | (−) | (−) | (−) | (+) | 4240 | 70 | 2.2 (1.6–2.9) |
| 2 | (−) | (+) | (+) | (−) | 1527 | 62 | 5.7 (4.2–7.7) |
| 2 | (−) | (+) | (−) | (+) | 1586 | 68 | 5.9 (4.4–7.9) |
| 2 | (−) | (−) | (+) | (+) | 2049 | 57 | 3.4 (2.5–4.7) |
| 3 | (−) | (+) | (+) | (+) | 1354 | 84 | 8.0 (6.0–10.5) |
| With impaired fasting glucose | |||||||
| 0 | (+) | (−) | (−) | (−) | 5391 | 500 | 12.6 (10.4–15.4) |
| 1 | (+) | (+) | (−) | (−) | 1045 | 145 | 18.9 (14.9–24.1) |
| 1 | (+) | (−) | (+) | (−) | 3282 | 442 | 17.4 (14.2–21.3) |
| 1 | (+) | (−) | (−) | (+) | 2243 | 312 | 18.1 (14.7–22.4) |
| 2 | (+) | (+) | (+) | (−) | 1423 | 277 | 26.6 (21.5–32.9) |
| 2 | (+) | (+) | (−) | (+) | 1086 | 208 | 26.0 (20.8–32.5) |
| 2 | (+) | (−) | (+) | (+) | 1909 | 317 | 21.2 (17.1–26.1) |
| 3 | (+) | (+) | (+) | (+) | 1629 | 411 | 35.4 (28.9–43.3) |
a
Dyslipidemia included triglyceride level ≥1.7 mmol/L (150 mg/dL), HDL-cholesterol level <1.04 mmol/L (40 mg/dL) in men and <1.3 mmol/L (50 mg/dL) in women, or current medication for dyslipidemia.
b
Adjusted for age, sex, company, and smoking status.