Extended Data Figure 7. F_ST between Bronze Age and present-day West Eurasian populations.

(a) The population of Early Bronze Age Armenia⁴ shows an affinity to present-day populations from Armenia, Anatolia, the Caucasus, and Iran, as does (b) Middle/Late Bronze Age Armenia^4,9. (c) The Bronze Age Levant⁴ has an affinity to Levantine and Arabian populations. (d) Late Neolithic/Bronze Age Europeans^1,6,9,43 most resemble present-day northern/central Europeans, as do (e) Early/Middle Bronze Age steppe populations^1,6,9, who also resemble populations of the northeast Caucasus, while (f) Middle/Late Bronze Age steppe populations resemble central/northern Europeans^1,9. Jewish populations are plotted with a square to distinguish them from non-Jewish populations from the same geographical area. The plots for the newly reported populations of Mycenaeans, Minoans, and Bronze Age Anatolians are shown in Fig. 2.