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. 2017 Aug 21;7:9010. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09955-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Light microscope and SEM images of polar capsules and tubules. (a) Intact and activated polar capsules, pre-stained with Acridine orange. The arrow marks the florescence-stained tubule of the activated polar capsule; note that the activated capsules retain the dye. Bar = 5 μm. (b) SEM image of an unfired capsule. The operculum (arrow) is distinct. (c) Cryo-SEM image of the inverted, highly-packed tubule folded within an intact capsule. (d) Activated capsule with the everted tubule. (e) Released tubules with hooked ends (arrowed). Scale bars (b–e) 200 nm.