Table 1.
Characteristics of the youth with T1D and T2D from the SEARCH Cohort Study stratified by DPN status (cross-sectional data collected at cohort visit between 2011 and 2015)
| T1D (N = 1,734) |
T2D (N = 258) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No DPN | DPN | P | No DPN | DPN | P | |
| N (%) | 1,620 (93) | 114 (7) | N/A | 202 (78) | 56 (22) | N/A |
| Age, years | 18 ± 4 | 21 ± 4 | <0.0001 | 22 ± 3 | 23 ± 4 | 0.01 |
| Age at dx ≥10 years | 806 (90) | 88 (10) | <0.0001 | 191 (78) | 55 (22) | 0.25 |
| Age at dx <10 years | 814 (97) | 26 (3) | 11 (92) | 1 (8) | ||
| Female sex | 807 (94) | 55 (6) | 0.746 | 144 (82) | 31 (18) | 0.02 |
| Male sex | 813 (93) | 59 (7) | 58 (70) | 25 (30) | ||
| Diabetes duration, years | 7.8 ± 1.8 | 8.7 ± 2 | <0.0001 | 7.6 ± 1.9 | 8.6 ± 2 | 0.002 |
| 5–10 | 1,395 (95) | 81 (5) | <0.0001 | 175 (81) | 41 (19) | 0.02 |
| >10 | 225 (87) | 33 (13) | 27 (64) | 15 (36) | ||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1,237 (94) | 85 (6) | 0.65 | 55 (80) | 14 (20) | 0.77 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 150 (92) | 14 (8) | 94 (80) | 23 (20) | ||
| Hispanic | 197 (95) | 11 (5) | 37 (71) | 15 (29) | ||
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 24 (89) | 3 (11) | 2 (67) | 1 (33) | ||
| Other | 5 (100) | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | ||
| Native American | 7 (88) | 1 (12) | 13 (81) | 3 (19) | ||
| Smoking | ||||||
| Nonsmoker | 1,099 (95) | 56 (5) | 0.001 | 82 (85) | 15 (15) | 0.01 |
| Former | 281 (90) | 33 (10) | 62 (83) | 13 (17) | ||
| Current | 207 (90) | 23 (10) | 53 (67) | 26 (33) | ||
| Hypertension, yes | 26 (1.6) | 5 (1.7) | 0.25 | 23 (11.4) | 2 (8.9) | 0.25 |
| SBP, mmHg | 106.3 ± 10.9 | 107 ± 11 | 0.68 | 117.6 ± 13.3 | 119.8 ± 14.1 | 0.80 |
| SBP z score | −0.3 ± 1.6 | 0.1 ± 1.9 | 0.08 | 1.9 ± 2.5 | 2.9 ± 4 | 0.27 |
| DBP, mmHg | 68.6 ± 8.7 | 70.8 ± 9.1 | 0.02 | 75.8 ± 10.3 | 76.3 ± 10.3 | 0.71 |
| DBP z score | −0.1 ± 2 0.2 | −0.2 ± 3.3 | 0.74 | 1.4 ± 3.8 | 1.1 ± 5.6 | 0.54 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 77.6 ± 12.1 | 83.4 ± 13.2 | <0.001 | 104.9 ± 20.4 | 106.1 ± 17.3 | 0.36 |
| Waist-to-height ratio | 0.47 ± 0.06 | 0.49 ± 0.07 | 0.0022 | 0.62 ± 0.12 | 0.62 ± 0.1 | 0.63 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24 ± 5 | 26 ± 5.8 | <0.001 | 35.6 ± 9.1 | 35.1 ± 8.8 | 0.81 |
| BMI z20 score | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.9 | 0.16 | 1.8 ± 2 | 1.7 ± 1.9 | 0.73 |
| HbA1c, % | 9.1 ± 1.8 | 9.5 ± 2.3 | 0.07 | 9.2 ± 3 | 9.1 ± 3 | 0.71 |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 75 ± 7 | 80 ± 8 | 0.07 | 77 ± 9 | 76 ± 9 | 0.71 |
| LDL-c, mg/dL | 96 ± 28 | 101 ± 25 | 0.01 | 106 ± 37 | 100 ± 43 | 0.27 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 74 (55, 105) | 85 (61, 126) | 0.0052 | 115 (79, 188) | 121 (85, 195) | 0.61 |
| HDL-c, mg/dL | 55.3 ± 13.8 | 51.2 ± 11.8 | 0.01 | 42.7 ± 12.4 | 39.6 ± 11.2 | 0.04 |
| ACR, µg/mg | 6.1 (4.2, 10.8) | 6.1 (3.8, 12.4) | 0.93 | 8.5 (4.3, 30.5) | 12.4 (4.9, 69.2) | 0.46 |
Data are mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or n (%). dx, diagnosis; N/A, not applicable.