Overall survival (OS) by hematologic group (since indwelling pleural catheter insertion), log-rank P value = 0.0009. The median OS time from indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) insertion was 5.5 months (95% CI, 3.5–8.0 mo) for entire group. Median OS times (95% CI) from IPC insertion were 9.1 months (3.7–16.3 mo) for lymphoma, 1.9 months (1.1–6.1 mo) for acute leukemia, 5.2 months (1.9–11.0 mo) for chronic leukemia, and 3.0 months (0.7–7.2 mo) for multiple myeloma.