Table 2.
Grade-wise distributions of characteristics and serum biochemical values.
| First grade (n = 149) | Fourth grade (n = 160) | Seventh grade (n = 340) | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range | Median | Range | Median | Range | Median | ||
| Homocysteine (mol/L) | 5.16–13.09 | 7.99 | 1.87–22.99 | 8.02 | 3.2–27.9 | 9.31 | <0.001a*** |
| AST (IU/L) | 15–75 | 25.00 | 14–124 | 23.00 | 11–95 | 20.00 | <0.001a*** |
| ALT (IU/L) | 5–82 | 14.00 | 7–271 | 15.00 | 4–178 | 12.00 | <0.001a*** |
| TGs (mg/dL) | 26–263 | 58.00 | 25–356 | 66.00 | 26–353 | 65.00 | 0.144a |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 69–173 | 85.00 | 75–363 | 89.00 | 57–140 | 91.00 | <0.001a*** |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.3–0.7 | 0.50 | 0.4–0.7 | 0.50 | 0.4–0.9 | 0.60 | <0.001a*** |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P | |
| Depression | 44.96 | 8.50 | 45.99 | 9.73 | 47.89 | 10.18 | 0.005b** 7 > 1 |
| Anxiety | 47.30 | 8.56 | 46.74 | 8.36 | 50.17 | 10.46 | <0.001b*** 7 > 1,4 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 101.73 | 10.33 | 108.99 | 12.09 | 111.45 | 9.10 | <0.001b*** 7 > 4 > 1 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 60.12 | 9.21 | 63.36 | 10.11 | 63.50 | 8.30 | 0.001b** 4,7 > 1 |
| T-Chol (mg/dL) | 172.91 | 29.70 | 175.00 | 30.94 | 159.97 | 27.86 | <0.001b*** 1,4 > 7 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 60.45 | 11.43 | 58.45 | 12.79 | 55.69 | 12.65 | <0.001b*** 1 > 7 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 100.04 | 26.14 | 100.21 | 24.69 | 90.24 | 23.83 | <0.001b*** 1,4 > 7 |
| Urea N (mg/dL) | 12.36 | 2.65 | 12.00 | 2.92 | 11.47 | 2.60 | 0.002b** 1 > 7 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 19.05 | 4.02 | 20.98 | 4.59 | 20.52 | 4.00 | <0.001b*** 4,7 > 1 |
| nd | % | nd | % | nd | % | P | |
| ECG | <0.001c*** | ||||||
| Normal | 80 | 58.4 | 105 | 70 | 314 | 92.4 | |
| Arrhythmia | 15 | 10.9 | 7 | 4.7 | 8 | 2.4 | |
| Other abnormality | 42 | 30.7 | 38 | 25.3 | 18 | 5.3 | |
| Sex (male) | 76 | 51.0 | 88 | 55.0 | 182 | 53.5 | 0.776c |
| Fruit frequency (times/week) | 0.020c* | ||||||
| 0–5 | 30 | 21.3 | 27 | 17.8 | 91 | 26.8 | |
| 6–10 | 55 | 39.0 | 66 | 43.4 | 114 | 33.6 | |
| 11–15 | 37 | 26.2 | 24 | 15.8 | 78 | 23.0 | |
| >16 | 19 | 13.5 | 35 | 23.0 | 56 | 16.5 | |
| Vegetable frequency (times/week) | 0.110c | ||||||
| 0–5 | 17 | 11.8 | 11 | 7.2 | 50 | 14.7 | |
| 6–10 | 30 | 20.8 | 36 | 23.5 | 76 | 22.4 | |
| 11–15 | 56 | 38.9 | 59 | 38.6 | 99 | 29.2 | |
| >16 | 41 | 28.5 | 47 | 30.7 | 114 | 33.6 | |
*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.
aResults from a Kruskal–Wallis test.
bResults from a one-way analysis of variance test.
cResults from a chi-square test.
dTotal counts may vary because of missing data.
AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TGs, triglycerides; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; T-Chol, total cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; ECG, electrocardiogram.