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. 2017 Aug 21;7:8987. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09344-5

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Crystallographic anatomy of sclerodermites. (a) EBSD cumulative misorientation map of the sclerodermite outlined in Fig. 2 showing the orientation of aragonite [001] axes with respect to the sclerodermite symmetry axis (dashed line). Only standard (i.e. non-twin) grain boundaries delimiting domains with misorientations >10° are indicated for clarity. The needle outlined in white has been selected for further investigation. (b) Diagram showing the non-random distribution of misorientation angles between the adjacent crystallites of the sclerodermite shown in (a). High relative frequencies are observed for misorientation angles of 11.4°, 52.4°, and 63.8°. (c) Trichromic EBSD map of the aragonite needle outlined in (a) illustrating the approximate orientation of the aragonite unit cell and [001] axes. (d) Pole figures of the needle shown in (c) displaying the strong clustering of aragonite [001] axes close to the needle elongation axis and the pseudo-hexagonal misorientation of [100] and [010] axes in a plane oriented normal to R. Pole figures are represented on lower hemisphere equal area projections. The radial and longitudinal growth directions of the corallite are indicated by R and L, respectively. Colour code as in (c). (e) EBSD twin boundary map of the needle shown in (c) displaying the misorientation angle/axis pairs between adjacent crystallites. Most of the grain boundaries are twin boundaries delimiting crystallites characterized by misorientations of 11.4°, 52.4°, and 63.8° around [001]. Note that non-twin grain boundaries are located in the bent section of the needle. (f) Sketch illustrating the angular and facial relationships between pseudo-hexagonally twinned crystallites within an aragonite needle. Misorientation angles between grains 1 & 2, 2 & 3, and 1 & 5 are 63.8°, 52.4° and 11.4°, respectively. Colour code as in (e).