Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and treatments for breast cancer by autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and thyroid function status
| Autoantibodies to TPO |
Thyroid function status |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPOAb- (n = 1,568) | TPOAb+ (n = 406) | p value | hypothyroid(n = 96) | euthyroid (n = 1,760) | hyperthyroid (n = 118) | p value | |
| Mean age ± SD, years | 48.8±8.5 | 50.2±7.7 | 0.005a | 50.5±6.6 | 48.9±8.5 | 50.7±7.6 | 0.03d |
| Age group, n (%) | |||||||
| <40 years | 257 (16.4) | 49 (12.1) | 8 (8.3) | 287 (16.3) | 11 (9.3) | ||
| 40–49 years | 575 (36.7) | 151 (37.2) | 0.08b | 36 (37.5) | 647 (36.8) | 43 (36.4) | 0.62b |
| 50–59 years | 590 (37.6) | 167 (41.1) | 45 (46.9) | 657 (37.3) | 55 (46.6) | ||
| ≥60 years | 146 (9.3) | 39 (9.6) | 7 (7.3) | 169 (9.6) | 9 (7.6) | ||
| Nodal status, n (%) | |||||||
| Node negative | 314 (20.0) | 93 (22.9) | 18 (18.8) | 367 (20.9) | 22 (18.6) | ||
| 1–3 positive nodes | 719 (45.9) | 171 (42.1) | 0.62b | 33 (34.4) | 808 (45.9) | 49 (41.5) | 0.61b |
| ≥4 positive nodes | 535 (34.1) | 142 (35.0) | 45 (46.9) | 585 (33.2) | 47 (39.8) | ||
| Tumour grade, n (%) | |||||||
| Grade 1 | 77 (4.9) | 23 (5.7) | 4 (4.2) | 88 (5.0) | 8 (6.8) | ||
| Grade 2 | 603 (38.5) | 155 (38.2) | 0.74b | 35 (36.5) | 681 (38.7) | 42 (35.6) | 0.72b |
| Grade 3 | 883 (56.3) | 228 (56.2) | 57 (59.4) | 986 (56.0) | 68 (57.6) | ||
| Unknown | 5 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Tumour size, n (%) | |||||||
| ≤2 cm | 578 (36.9) | 147 (36.2) | 25 (26.0) | 659 (37.4) | 41 (34.8) | ||
| >2 and ≤5 cm | 857 (54.7) | 220 (54.2) | 0.59b | 61 (63.5) | 952 (54.1) | 64 (54.2) | 0.38b |
| <p>5 cm | 132 (8.4) | 39 (9.6) | 10 (10.4) | 148 (8.4) | 13 (11.0) | ||
| Unknown | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| ER and HER2 status, n (%) | |||||||
| ER+ | 1,107 (70.6) | 289 (71.2) | 69 (71.9) | 1,248 (70.9) | 79 (67.0) | ||
| And HER2+ | 198 (12.6) | 49 (12.1) | 13 (13.5) | 220 (12.5) | 14 (11.9) | ||
| And HER2− | 772 (49.2) | 201 (49.5) | 46 (47.9) | 873 (49.6) | 54 (45.8) | 0.62c (ER) | |
| And HER2 unknown | 137 (8.7) | 39 (9.6) | 0.85c (ER) | 10 (10.4) | 155 (8.8) | 11 (9.3) | 0.84c (HER2) |
| ER− | 461 (29.4) | 117 (28.8) | 0.45c (HER2) | 27 (28.1) | 512 (29.1) | 39 (33.1) | |
| And HER2+ | 118 (7.5) | 43 (10.6) | 8 (8.3) | 141 (8.0) | 12 (10.2) | ||
| And HER2− | 289 (18.4) | 61 (15.0) | 15 (15.6) | 313 (17.8) | 22 (18.6) | ||
| And HER2 unknown | 54 (3.4) | 13 (3.2) | 4 (4.2) | 58 (3.3) | 5 (4.2) | ||
| Molecular subgroup, n (%) | |||||||
| ER+/HER2−1 | 784 (50.0) | 203 (50.0) | 47 (49.0) | 885 (50.3) | 55 (46.6) | ||
| HER2+ | 316 (20.2) | 92 (22.7) | 0.40c | 21 (21.9) | 361 (20.5) | 26 (22.0) | 0.94c |
| Triple negative | 277 (17.7) | 59 (14.5) | 14 (14.6) | 301 (17.1) | 21 (17.8) | ||
| Type of surgery and radiotherapy use, n (%) | 0.74c (surgery) | 0.99c (surgery) | |||||
| Mastectomy | 854 (54.5) | 225 (55.4) | 53 (55.2) | 962 (54.7) | 64 (54.2) | ||
| With radiotherapy2 | 688 (80.6) | 177 (78.7) | 0.61c (radiotherapy) | 47 (88.7) | 772 (80.2) | 46 (71.9) | 0.33c (radio-therapy) |
| Wide local excision | 714 (45.5) | 181 (44.6) | 43 (44.8) | 798 (45.3) | 54 (45.8) | ||
| With radiotherapy3 | 704 (98.6) | 176 (97.2) | 41 (95.3) | 787 (98.6) | 52 (96.3) | ||
| Endocrine treatment in ER+ | |||||||
| patients, n (%)4 | |||||||
| Tamoxifen monotherapy | 696 (62.9) | 167 (57.8) | 43 (62.3) | 772 (61.9) | 48 (60.8) | ||
| Tamoxifen followed by AI | 354 (32.0) | 100 (34.6) | 0.13c | 20 (29.0) | 409 (32.8) | 25 (31.7) | 0.09c |
| AI monotherapy | 46 (4.2) | 15 (5.2) | 6 (8.7) | 53 (4.3) | 2 (2.5) | ||
| No endocrine treatment/unknown | 11 (1.0) | 7 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 14 (1.1) | 4 (5.1) | ||
| Trastuzumab in HER2+ | |||||||
| patients, n (%)5 | |||||||
| Yes | 40 (12.7) | 8 (8.7) | 0.36c | 1 (4.8) | 44 (12.2) | 3 (11.5) | 0.71c |
| No/Not known | 276 (87.3) | 84 (91.3) | 20 (95.2) | 317 (87.8) | 23 (88.5) | ||
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | |||||||
| Control (FEC) | 498 (31.8) | 128 (31.5) | 27 (28.1) | 568 (32.3) | 31 (26.3) | ||
| Control (E-CMF) | 271 (17.3) | 61 (15.0) | 0.52c | 16 (16.7) | 301 (17.1) | 15 (12.7) | 0.90c |
| FEC-D | 799 (51.0) | 217 (53.4) | 53 (55.2) | 891 (50.6) | 52 (44.1) | ||
AI, aromatase inhibitors; ER+, positive oestrogen receptor (ER); ER−, negative ER; E-CMF, epirubicin 100 mg/m2 for 4 cycles followed by CMF (cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, methotrexate 40 mg/m2, and fluorouracil 600 mg/m2) for 4 cycles; FEC, fluorouracil 600 mg/m2, epirubicin 60 mg/m2, and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 for 8 cycles; FEC-D, FEC for 4 cycles followed by docetaxel 100 mg/m2 for 4 cycles; HER2+, positive human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2); HER2−, negative HER2; SD, standard deviation; TPOAb+, positive TPOAb; TPOAb−, negative TPOAb; Triple negative, negative HER2, ER, and progesterone receptor.
Includes ER−, progesterone receptor positive, HER2−
denominators calculated using patients treated with mastectomy
denominators calculated using patients treated with wide local excision
denominators calculated using ER+ patients
denominators calculated using HER2+ patients.
t test
trend test, note “unknowns” excluded from the test
Fisher exact test
ANOVA.