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. 2017 Aug 21;7:9005. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09382-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Structure from Motion reconstruction and derived terrain variables. (a) 3D reconstruction (textured mesh) from images taken along the Rockall Escarpment. Marker flags show the emplacement of Acesta clams and the grey box delineates the outline of the extracted frame shown in (b). Derived terrain variables: (c) aspect calculated at 0.05 m, (d) roughness at 0.02 m and (e) rotated view of a reconstructed section (2 m) of wall showing how surface area ratio was calculated, the grey mesh shows the 3D reconstruction while the blue plane shows the 2D area. An animated video is available as Supplementary Information S5 and a 3D pdf is available as Supplementary Information S6.