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. 2017 Aug 22;7:9042. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07995-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Forc016 strains without chr^RC are completely avirulent. Fresh weight (±S.E.) and disease index (DI) of (A) cucumber, (B) melon and (C) watermelon plants were scored 14 days post inoculation. An ANOVA followed by a Tukey HSD test (p < 0.05) was performed to determine the significance of differences in the fresh weight measurements (significance categories shown with letters above the bars). Under the tested conditions (10⁷ spores/ml, 20 °C), none of the chromosome loss strains were able to cause disease symptoms in cucurbit plants, while their parent strain (Forc016∆SIX9#97) was.