Data of added-value lipid production, Arachidonic acid, among other lipids by Mortierella elongata, using low cost simulated wastewater

Abstract

This article presented an innovative data of feasibility to produce Arachidonic acid (ARA), as added-value Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA), among other lipids from Mortierella elongata, using simulated low cost sugarcane wastewater, vinasse, as a carbon source. Data from lipids quantification by total lipids extraction and by lipid classes was presented. M. elongata was able to produce 156.45mg of ARA per g of total lipids.

Specifications Table

Subject area	Biology
More specific subject area	Lipids production by biotechnological process and their extraction
Type of data	Table, text file, graph, figure
How data was acquired	Gas Chromatography - Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID)
Data format	Raw data collection and analysis
Experimental factors	Biomass production and oven drying and lipids extraction, classification, transesterification and analyzed in the GC-FID.
Experimental features	The microorganism was cultivated in low cost simulated sugarcane wastewater, vinasse.
Data source location	Mortierella elongata (CBS 121.71) was acquired from the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Netherlands. All experiments were developed in Campinas-SP, Brazil.
Data accessibility	Data are presented in this article

Value of the data

• •The obtained data are innovative and important in the research area of biotechnology providing results of lipids production by M. elongata, a fungus, using low cost substrate, sugarcane wastewater vinasse, applied in Nutrition and Pharmaceutical Industry.
• •Sugarcane vinasse, the main residue of ethanol process production, is a promising low cost carbon source and produced in large amounts. Since there is estimative of a growth in Brazilian domestic ethanol consumption of 58.8 billion liters by 2019 [1], with a corresponding vinasse production of 588 billion liters.
• •The data can be most useful for the researcher, research student, academician and industry to acquire innovative process development and production.
• •The described data identify a sustainable mechanism and with low cost to produce added-value lipid mainly, Arachidonic acid, since it is recommend injection of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Arachidonic acid (ARA) in the infant [2], and for adults prevent coronary heart disease [3] and cancer [4].

1. Data

Mortierella elongata is an oleaginous fungus able to accumulate lipids. The data of lipids extraction from M. elongata are presented in the Table 1. The total lipids extraction from M. elongata were 14.95% and 8.54%, by MC and HIP method, respectively, using simulated low cost sugarcane wastewater, vinasse as a carbon source. Triacylglycerol (TGA) was highest lipid class observed, which is in accordance with previous studies for genus Mortierella, using other substrate [5]. Considering the HIP and MC lipids extraction process, the mixture Hexane/Isopropanol has less polar lipid interaction properties than Chloroform/Methanol [6], which reduce the extraction of phospholipids as observed in the data presented in the Table 1.

Table 1.

Lipids classes in percentage extracted from Mortierella elongata.

Average of Lipids (%) (w:w)	Method
	MC	HIP
TAG (% of TL)	71.87%	92.54%
NEFA (% of TL)	25.74%	4.68%
PP (% o TL)	2.43%	2.78%
TOTAL LIPIDS (% of DW)	14.95%	8.57%

TAG – triacylglycerol, NEFA – free fatty acids, PP –phospholipids, TL – total lipids, DW – dry weight.

According to Fig. 1 (Chromatograms in the Supplementary data), it is presented the data profile of lipids by chain length and saturation, since C18:0, C18:1 and C20:4, the Arachidonic acid (ARA) were the predominant lipids. The Fig. 2 shows data of percentage and amount of ARA extracted by lipid class. In HIP method there was a high ARA extraction by percentage (26.0 %) of total fatty acids and in recovery weight (156.45mg of ARA g-1 of TGA and 168.81mg of ARA g-1 of TL) in five days of culture (Fig. 2), using simulated vinasse as a carbon source.

Fig. 1.

Main fatty acids profile of Mortiella elongata by a) Folch and b) Hara and Radin lipid extraction methods.

Fig. 2.

Arachidonic acid (ARA) concentration by lipids extraction method.

2. Experimental design, materials and methods

2.1. Microorganism cultivation

Mortierella elongata (CBS 121.71) was inoculated per 5 days, at 29 °C, in shaker at 200rpm, with culture medium simulating the main carbon sources of sugarcane vinasse [7], main sub-product of ethanol process production.

2.2. Simulated vinasse composition

Simulated sugarcane vinasse composition, based on the real wastewater characterization: (g/L): sucrose 10, glucose 6, glycerol 6, lactic acid 3, acetic acid 1, Yeast Extract 1, and 10% (v:v) of trace elements stock solution – (g/L): KH2PO4 0.65; (NH4)2SO4 14.00; MgSO4.7H2O 3.00; CaCl2.2H2O 39.97; FeSO4. 7H2O 0.05; ZnSO4.7H2O 0.013; MnSO4.H2O 0.016; CoCl2 0.02; NaNO3 28.00;KOH 20.00.

2.3. Lipids extraction

The oven dried biomass of Mortierella elongata (Dry Weight- DW) (80°C) was macerated and disrupted using HCl 1%, and the total lipids was extracted by Folch et al. [8] method, using Chloroform/Methanol (2:1) (CM) as solvents, and by Hara and Radin [9] method, using Hexane/Isopropanol (2:3) (HIP) as solvents. The total lipid (TL) was stratified by classes (phospholipids – PP, triacylglycerol - TAG, non-esterified fatty acids or free fatty acids – NEFA) using Solid-phase extraction (SPE) protocol [10].

2.4. Lipids quantification

The stratified total lipids and by class were transesterified with NaOH-methanol, Boron Trifluoride, and Hexane. The Fatty Acids Methyl Ester (FAME) were analyzed in the GC-FID (Chrompack 9001) using CP-Sil 88 capillary column (Chromatograms in the Supplementary data).

Transparency document. . Supporting information

Supplementary material

Appendix A. . Supplementary material

Supplementary material