(A) Serum 6KP levels obtained from control rats and rats 48 h after salivary gland gene transfer of Cox1-PGIS (p = 0.006). (B) Serum 6KP levels obtained from control rats and monocrotaline-injured (i.e., “MCT”) rats after two treatments (2 × ) of salivary gland UAGT with either GL3 (Luc) or Cox1-PGIS. Control rats were not manipulated. Treatments were given on days 7 and 14 post MCT, and serum samples were taken on day 21 post MCT. Both MCT groups were significantly different from controls (UAGT/Luc, p = 0.012; UAGT/Cox1-PGIS, p = 0.001) but were not significantly different from one another (p = 0.27). (C) Serum 6KP levels obtained from control humans (n = 4), pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH patients naïve to prostacyclin therapy (n = 4) and PAH patients undergoing continuous prostacyclin therapy for PAH (n = 7). Adjusted p-values were as follows: overall, p = 0.008; for PAH patients on prostacyclin therapy vs. control humans, p = 0.006; and for PAH patients on prostacyclin therapy vs. PAH patients naïve to prostacyclin therapy, p = 0.006. Error bars are ± standard error of the mean. UAGT, ultrasound-assisted gene transfer.