. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 23.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Med. 2015 Oct 30;129(3):315–23.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.10.012

Table 5.

Association between anemia, bleeding, transfusion and long-term mortality

	n (%)	Long Term Mortality	Multivariate Analysis^**
	n (%)	Long Term Mortality	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P value
Anemia	537 (19.7%^{^}/17.6%)	57 (10.6%)	3.91 (2.49–6.15)	<0.001
No Anemia	2185 (80.3%^{^}/71.6%)	38 (1.7%)	3.91 (2.49–6.15)	<0.001
Hemorrhage	33 (1.1%)	7 (21.2%)	5.28 (2.20 – 12.66)	<0.001
No Hemorrhage	3017 (98.9%)	104 (3.4%)	5.28 (2.20 – 12.66)	<0.001
Transfusion	766 (25.1%)	71 (9.3%)	3.96 (2.47 – 6.34)	<0.001
No Transfusion	2284 (74.9%)	40 (1.8%)	3.96 (2.47 – 6.34)	<0.001

^**

Multivariate Cox Proportional Hazards regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, race, admission type (elective vs. emergency/urgent surgery), procedure, coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke/transient ischemic attack, creatinine > 2 mg/dL, diabetes mellitus

^{^}

Excluding patients without pre-operative hemoglobin values.