Table 2.

Association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and albuminuria in NHANES 2001–2006

Vitamin D (ng/ml)	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Model 1 OR (95% CI)	Model 2 OR (95% CI)
[0–10)	0.79 (0.49–1.25)	1.20 (0.72–2.01)	1.27 (0.75–2.14)
[10–20)	0.97 (0.69–1.38)	1.34 (0.92–1.94)	1.35 (0.92–1.97)
[20–30)	1.07 (0.78–1.46)	1.22 (0.91–1.65)	1.18 (0.85–1.63)
[30–40)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
[40–50)	1.14 (0.61–2.14)	1.10 (0.60–2.03)	1.01 (0.51–2.02)
≥ 50	1.62 (0.64–4.08)	1.57 (0.64–3.83)	1.80 (0.74–4.35)
p-value	0.37	0.56	0.38

Albuminuria is defined as in Table 1. Effect estimates are expressed as odds ratio, OR (95% Confidence Interval). Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and BMI z-score. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for blood pressure status and diabetes, and thus limited to participants 8–19 years old for whom systolic and diastolic blood pressures were available. To convert 25-hydroxyvitamin D in ng/ml to nmol/L, multiply by 2.496. P-values assess overall association between Vitamin D and albuminuria.