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. 2017 Aug 23;12(8):e0183565. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183565

Fig 5. Brain contents of MDA, GSH, NOx, and TNF-α.

Fig 5

MDA, malondialdehyde; GSH, reduced glutathione; NOx, nitrite and nitrate, stable metabolites of NO; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; Vehicle, rats treated with distilled water (1.5 ml/kg/day, s.c); Met, rats treated with metformin (500 mg/kg/day, p.o); Saxa, rats treated with saxagliptin (1 mg/kg/day, p.o); D-gal, rats treated with D-galactose (150 mg/kg/day, s.c); D-gal/Met, rats treated with D-galactose and metformin; D-gal/Saxa, rats treated with D-galactose and saxagliptin. Each value represents mean ± S.E; n = 6. a Significantly different from Vehicle group at p < 0.05. b Significantly different from D-gal group at p < 0.05.