Table 1. The mean escape latency time in Morris water maze.

Groups	Mean escape latency time in MWM (sec)
	1st day	2nd day	3rd day	4th day
Vehicle	45.57±1.26	31.11b±1.40	22.125 b±2.32	16.84 b±2.05
Met	45.16±2.14	32.47b±2.70	25.27b±2.07	18.83b±2.06
Saxa	47.11± 1.61	27.37b±1.92	21.27b±2.69	16.90b±3.02
D-gal	51.35±1.53	45.36a±1.16	39.51a±1.79	33.80a±1.62
D-gal/Met	46.91±1.28	34.11b±2.08	21.23b±1.47	14.42b±1.18
D-gal/Saxa	50.57± 1.99	41.54a±2.24	29.75b±2.41	22.88b±2.49

MWM, Morris water maze; Vehicle, rats treated with distilled water (1.5 ml/kg/day, s.c); Met, rats treated with metformin (500 mg/kg/day, p.o); Saxa, rats treated with saxagliptin (1 mg/kg/day, p.o); D-gal, rats treated with D-galactose (150 mg/kg/day, s.c); D-gal/Met, rats treated with D-galactose and metformin; D-gal/Saxa, rats treated with D-galactose and saxagliptin. Each value represents mean ± S.E; n = 8.

^a Significantly different from Vehicle group on the corresponding day at p < 0.05.

^b Significantly different from D-gal group on the corresponding day at p < 0.05.