The effect of bicarbonate on respiration is cell-specific and observed across multiple respirometry instruments. (A) L6 myotubes were incubated with or without bicarbonate (10 mM) and respiration was assessed using the XFp Analyzer as described in Fig. 1A. Data presented as mean + SEM, from n = 4 separate experiments. (B) AML12 hepatocytes were incubated with or without bicarbonate (10 mM) and respiration was assessed using the XF24 Analyzer. Following basal measurements (Bas), cells were sequentially treated with insulin, oligomycin (Oligo), FCCP, and rotenone/antimycin A (Rot/AA). Data presented as mean + SEM, from n =3 separate experiments. (C) AML12 hepatocytes were incubated with or without bicarbonate (10 mM) and respiration was assessed using the O2K. Following basal measurements (Bas), cells were treated with FCCP. Data presented as mean + SEM, from n = 3 separate experiments. #,* p<0.05, using the one-tailed (#) or two-tailed (*) t-test.