(A) Histological inflammatory scores for normal (healthy; n=7), untreated CD (n=8), anti-TNF responsive (n=10) and anti-TNF refractory CD (n=10) patients. Bars denote the average score of each group. (B) Ki67-stained cells per 100 IEC in normal, untreated CD, anti-TNF responsive and anti-TNF refractory CD patients. (C) Immunoblot analysis and densitometry of p-β-catenin552 and cyclin D1 in nuclear fractions of isolated human colonic epithelial cells (n = 2–3 for each group). Values represent mean ± SEM, *p<0.05.