. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 23.

Published in final edited form as: J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010 Nov;40(11):694–704. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2010.3396

TABLE 3.

Demographic and clinical Summary of patients Participating in Graded Exercise and Graded Exposure Outcome Comparison

Variable	Total Sample (n = 33)	Graded Exercise (n = 15)	Graded Exposure (n = 18)	P Value
Sex				.37
Males	16	6	10
Females	17	9	8
Age(y)	45.8 (10.3)	47.1 (11.9)	44.8 (9.1)	.54
Education (y)	12.9 (2.2)	13.4(2.3)	12.5(2.2)	.27
Smoking status (n smokers)	16	6	10	.38
Type of LBP (n work-related)	24	9	15	.11
Using opioid medication (n)	20	8	12	.31
Using antidepressant medication (n)	17	10	7	.15

Abbreviation: LBP, low back pain