Table 2.
Summary of significant and non-significant movement quality outcomes by quantity, quality and level of evidence.
| Level of Evidence^ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Total Studies | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | b: RCT | c | a | b: True/Quasi Experimental | b: Cohort | b: Historical Cohort | c | a | b: Case Control | Pilot cohort Cross-sectional | |||||||
| Risk Factor | SIG | NOT | SIG | NOT | SIG | NOT | SIG | NOT | |||||||||
| FMS total score | 4 3–12) | 1 (10) | 5 | ||||||||||||||
| FMS ≤14 | 1 (15) | 5 (7–12) | 4 (9–14) | 10 | |||||||||||||
| FMS ≤ 12 | 1* (9) | 3 (10–12) | 4 | ||||||||||||||
| FMS HS | 2 (9–12) | 4 (8–12) | 6 | ||||||||||||||
| FMS ILL | 2 (12) | 4 (8–14) | 6 | ||||||||||||||
| FMS DS | 3 (8–14) | 3 (9–11) | 6 | ||||||||||||||
| LESS total score | 1 (11) | 1 (14) | 2 | ||||||||||||||
| LESS ≥ 5 | 1 (11) | 1 (14) | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Cell values represent number of studies (range of Downs and Black quality assessment tool scores). As per exclusion criteria, systematic reviews (1a, 2a, 3a), case series (4) and opinion-based papers (5) were not included (shown in dark grey).
^
Level of evidence is based on the modified Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Model.
*
= female participants only, DS = deep squat, FMS = Functional Movement Screen, HS = hurdle step, ILL = in-line lunge, LESS = Landing Error Scoring System.