Table 4.
Baseline characteristics according to cerebral microbleed severity
| Severity | Mild (1–2) (n = 217) |
Moderate (3–10) (n = 118) |
Severe (> 10) (n = 45) |
p–value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Male (%) | 71 | 64 | 82 | 0.08 |
|
| ||||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 65 (10) | 63 (12) | 64 (12) | 0.2 |
|
| ||||
| Ethnicity-race (%) | 0.02 | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 39 | 44 | 27 | |
| Hispanic | 40 | 42 | 67 | |
| Black | 18 | 14 | 7 | |
| Other/multiple | 3 | 1 | 0 | |
|
| ||||
| Current smoker (%) | 14 | 19 | 9 | 0.2 |
|
| ||||
| Alcohol use, ≥ 7drinks/week (%) | 9 | 14 | 9 | 0.3 |
|
| ||||
| Parental history of stroke (%) | 29 | 26 | 36 | 0.4 |
|
| ||||
| History of hypertension (%) | 82 | 82 | 87 | 0.7 |
|
| ||||
| Severity of hypertension (%) | ||||
| Normal-prehypertensive | 20 | 14 | 4 | |
| Stage 1 | 34 | 38 | 47 | 0.1 |
| Stage 2 | 46 | 48 | 49 | |
|
| ||||
| Estimated GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, % | 16 | 19 | 24 | 0.4 |
|
| ||||
| Blood pressure at entry, mmHg, mean (SD) | 146 (23)/79 (12) | 149 (23)/81 (12) | 148 (20)/83 (13) | 0.6/0.1 |
|
| ||||
| Prior lacunar stroke (%) | 12 | 16 | 20 | 0.3 |
|
| ||||
| Prior subcortical TIA (%) | 6 | 7 | 4 | 0.9 |
|
| ||||
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 35 | 30 | 11 | 0.008 |
|
| ||||
| Ischemic heart disease (%) | 10 | 6 | 11 | 0.4 |
|
| ||||
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 45 | 34 | 40 | 0.2 |
|
| ||||
| Multiple old lacunar infarcts on MRI (%) | 51 | 62 | 84 | < 0.001 |
|
| ||||
| White matter hyperintensities (ARWMC score) | ||||
| mean (SD) | 6.4 (4.3) | 8.6 (4.8) | 11.5 (3.6) | < 0.001 |
| 0–4 | 39 | 25 | 2 | < 0.001 |
| 5–8 | 34 | 26 | 18 | |
| 9+ | 27 | 48 | 80 | |
Abbreviations: ARWMC; age related white matter changes; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; SD, standard deviation; TIA, transient ischemic attack.