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. 2017 Aug 23;7:9193. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09451-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Collagen synthesis and breakdown in the heart. (a,b) Relative expression of Col1a1 and Col3a1 in the heart were quantified by qRT-PCR and normalized to WT-SHAM. GAPDH was used as an internal control. (c) Activity of MMP2 in heart tissue was determined at indicated timepoints. (d) Protein level of TGF-β1 in heart tissue was determined by multiplex assay at indicated timepoints. Bars represent mean ± SEM. Mouse hearts were extracted at indicated timepoints, n = 6–8 mice per genotype per timepoint. Mann Whitney U test was performed to determine the difference between groups at individual timepoints; *p < 0.05, ^§ p < 0.01, ns indicating not significant.