Table 2. Psychological scores before and 1 year after surgery of patients with pectus excavatum.

Characteristics	Preoperative	Postoperative	p value
Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90)*
Total average score	152.02 ± 55.04	141.75 ± 19.56	0.037
Somatization	1.57 ± 0.59	1.23 ± 0.62	0.001
Interpersonal sensitivity	1.92 ± 0.72	1.77 ± 0.64	0.025
Obsessive-compulsive symptoms	1.80 ± 0.73	1.82 ± 0.69	0.805
Depression	1.74 ± 0.78	1.57 ± 0.69	0.003
Anxiety	1.73 ± 0.71	1.58 ± 0.73	0.013
Hostility	1.74 ± 0.82	1.70 ± 0.77	0.582
Terror	1.49 ± 0.60	1.51 ± 0.52	0.702
Paranoid ideation	1.62 ± 0.64	1.60 ± 0.68	0.773
Psychoticism	1.56 ± 0.58	1.53 ± 0.55	0.646
Other aspects of symptoms	1.67 ± 0.66	1.57 ± 0.49	0.104
Mental health problems (n)#	161 (60.53%)	79 (29.70%)	<0.001
Depressive status (n)##	153 (57.52%)	76 (28.57%)	<0.001

^*Data given as mean ± SD. ^#When the total score was greater than 160, the number of the positive items was more than 43 or a certain factor was more than 2, a patient was positive for mental health problems. ^##Patients scoring >160 on the SCL-90 or having scores ≥3.0 for the depression or the anxiety items were asked to complete the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) survey. The clinical threshold is 53. Patients scoring ≥53 were in depressive status.