Table 4.
Difference in use of healthcare services and days on sick leave (2012–2014) for each medication group for partially adherent and non-adherent patients in comparison with initially adherent patients based on adjusted multilevel regression analysis
| Variable | All medications, mean (95% CI) | Chronic, mean (95% CI) | Analgesics, mean (95% CI) | Penicillins, mean (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Partially adherent | Initially non-adherent | Partially adherent | Initially non-adherent | Partially adherent | Initially non-adherent | Partially adherent | Initially non-adherent | |
| GP visit in PCC | 0.06a (0.02 to 0.10) | −0.16a (−0.19 to −0.13) | −0.12 (−0.29 to 0.05) | −0.62a (−0.69 to −0.54) | 0.23a (0.17 to 0.29) | −0.13a (−0.16 to −0.10) | −0.17 (−0.10 to 0.07) | −0.09 (−0.18 to 0.01) |
| Home GP visit | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.01) | 0.03a (0.02 to 0.03) | −0.04 (−0.09 to 0.01) | −0.04a (−0.06 to −0.02) | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.01) | 0.01a (0.01 to 0.02) | 0.03 (−0.01 to 0.07) | 0.02a (0.01 to 0.03) |
| Nurse visit in PCC | −0.21a (−0.25 to −0.17) | −0.22a (−0.25 to −0.19) | −0.17 (−0.40 to 0.05) | −0.37a (−0.47 to −0.26) | −0.17a (−0.23 to −0.10) | −0.24a (−0.28 to −0.21) | −0.13 (−0.39 to 0.13) | −0.16a (−0.25 to −0.06) |
| Home nurse visit | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.02) | 0.05a (0.03 to 0.06) | −0.06 (−0.18 to 0.06) | 0.10a (0.06 to 0.14) | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.03) | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.02) | 0.01 (−0.07 to 0.08) | 0.07a (0.03 to 0.11) |
| Specialist visit | 0.05a (0.04 to 0.06) | −0.01 (−0.01 to 0.01) | −0.01 (−0.04 to 0.04) | −0.06a (−0.08 to −0.04) | 0.07a (0.06 to 0.09) | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.01) | 0.06a (0.01 to 0.12) | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.04) |
| Laboratory test | −0.03a (−0.04 to −0.02) | −0.09a (−0.09 to −0.08) | −0.10a (−0.13 to −0.07) | −0.15a (−0.16 to −0.13) | −0.02a (−0.03 to −0.01) | −0.06a (−0.07 to −0.06) | −0.03 (−0.07 to 0.01) | −0.06a (−0.08 to −0.05) |
| Nuclear medicine test | 0.001 (−0.001 to 0.001) | −0.001 (−0.001 to 0.001) | −0.001 (−0.004 to 0.001) | −0.001 (−0.002 to 0.001) | 0.001 (−0.001 to 0.001) | −0.001 (−0.001 to 0.001) | 0.003 (−0.001 to 0.007) | 0.001 (−0.001 to 0.001) |
| Diagnostic imaging test | 0.06a (0.05 to 0.07) | 0.01a (0.01 to 0.02) | 0.03a (0.01 to 0.06) | −0.01 (−0.03 to 0.01) | 0.05a (0.04 to 0.06) | −0.02a (−0.03 to −0.02) | 0.02 (−0.03 to 0.07) | −0.02a (−0.04 to −0.01) |
| Dispensed medicines (boxes)b | −1.77a (−1.80 to −1.75) | −2.17a (−2.20 to −2.15) | −2.55a (−2.67 to −2.43) | −4.22a (−4.29 to −4.16) | −1.41a (−1.45 to −1.37) | −1.43a (−1.45 to −1.41) | −1.46a (−1.59 to −1.33) | −1.27a (−1.33 to −1.22) |
| Days on sick leave | 3.78a (3.44 to 4.12) | 2.49a (2.26 to 2.73) | 1.87a (0.57 to 3.18) | 2.11a (1.44 to 2.78) | 3.81a (3.33 to 4.31) | 2.71a (2.42 to 2.99) | 3.07a (1.56 to 4.58) | 3.96a (3.27 to 4.65) |
a
Statistically significant differences (95%)
b
Medication prescribed by GP in the primary care public healthcare system. PCC = primary care centre.