Table 4.

Number of Smallpox Vaccination Scars and HIV-1, Guinea-Bissau

(N = 1751a)	All			Women			Men
	% (HIV-1/All)	Crude ORb (95% CI)	Adjusted ORc (95% CI)	% (HIV-1/All)	Crude ORb (95% CI)	Adjusted ORc (95% CI)	% (HIV-1/All)	Crude ORb (95% CI)	Adjusted ORc (95% CI)
Multiple Smallpox Vaccination Scar/One Smallpox Vaccination Scar /BCG Vaccination Scars
−/−/−	6.1% (24/393)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	6.9% (17/247)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	4.8% (7/146)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
−/−/+	4.7% (9/191)	0.59 (0.28–1.23)	0.51 (0.23–1.12)	7.6% (9/119)	0.79 (0.35–1.80)	0.75 (0.32–1.75)	0.0% (0/72)	N/A	N/A
−/+/NAd	5.0% (36/722)	0.98 (0.56–1.72)	0.83 (0.47–1.48)	5.8% (25/433)	0.96 (0.49–1.86)	0.81 (0.40–1.62)	3.8% (11/289)	1.02 (0.39–2.64)	0.87 (0.33–2.30)
+/+/NAe	1.4% (6/445)	0.33 (0.12–0.87)	0.27 (0.10–0.75)	1.1% (3/265)	0.23 (0.07–0.80)	0.18 (0.05–0.64)	1.7% (3/180)	0.55 (0.13–2.39)	0.52 (0.12–2.33)

Abbreviations: BCG, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NA, nonapplicable; OR, odds ratio; ref, reference group.

^aIndividuals with a smallpox vaccination scar but with uncertain number of smallpox vaccination scars (n = 8) were set to a single smallpox vaccination scar.

^bLogistic regression adjusted by year of birth in 10-year intervals and stratified by house with robust variance.

^cLogistic regression adjusted for year of birth in 10-year intervals, sex, field worker, place of birth, schooling, religion, ethnicity, employment, socioeconomic status, traveled abroad, and lived abroad and stratified by house with robust variance.

^dThe adjusted OR is 0.71 (0.33–1.53) for individuals without BCG vaccination and 0.92 (0.49–1.73) for individuals with BCG vaccination.

^eThe adjusted OR is 0.25 (0.05–1.30) for individuals without BCG vaccination and 0.29 (0.09–0.87) for individuals with BCG vaccination.