Table 1.

Members of Gene Regulatory Networks That are Known to be Involved in Growth-Related Processes in Arthropods, are Conserved in Daphnia magna

	Gene Symbol D. magna	Gene ID D. magna	Gene Symbol homologue	Predicted Function
20E signaling, developmental timing	Spok	mu8AUGep24bs01592g203	Spoka	20E synthesis (Ono et al. 2006; Yoshiyama et al. 2006)
	DamNvd1	mu8PASAgasmbl_42864	nvda
	DamHR3	mu8AUGep24bs00930g63_ mu8AUGapi5s01568g77	Hr46a	20E-responsive NR (King-Jones and Thummel 2005)
	DamE78	mu8AUGepir7p2s02190g15	E78a	20E-responsive NR (King-Jones and Thummel 2005)
	DamE75	mu8AUGapi5s00642g188	E75a	20E-responsive NR (King-Jones and Thummel 2005)
	Blimp-1	mu8AUGepir2p1s00944g59	Blimp-1a	20E-responsive Zn-finger TF, repressor of ftz-f1 (Agawa et al. 2007)
	ftz-f1	mu8AUGepir7s03025g22	ftz-f1a	orphan NR; developmental timing, “competence factor” (King-Jones and Thummel 2005)
	ab	mu8AUGepir7s00662g70	aba	attenuation of 20E-signaling (Jang et al. 2009)
Trichome formation	DamSvb	mu8AUGep24b_p1s02190g182_ mu8AUGepir2s02346g268	ovo/svba	TF; epidermis differentiation and trichome development (Delon et al. 2003; Arif et al. 2015)
	DamPri	mu8AUGepir3s00311g138	pria	Svb activation (Kondo et al. 2010)
	dyl	mu8AUGepir2s00007g44	dyla	wing hair formation (Adler et al. 2013)
	m	mu8AUGapi5s01092g326	ma	cuticle pattern formation (Chanut-Delalande et al. 2006)
	CG4702	mu8AUGepir7p2s01581g65	CG4702a	unknown
	DamNeo1	mu8AUGapi5s01036g31	neoa	cuticular structure formation (Fernandes et al. 2010)
	DamNeo2	mu8AUGapi5s02861g133	neoa
	ImpE1	mu8AUGepir2s00005g17	ImpE1a	epithelial cell rearrangement (Natzle et al. 1988)
	DamPH4a1	mu8AUGep24b_p1s00687g272	PH4alphaEFBa	unknown
	DamPH4a2	mu8AUGepir7s03057g295	PH4alphaEFBa	unknown
	DamPH4a3	mu8AUGapi5s03057g294	PH4alphaEFBa	unknown
	DamPH4a4	mu8PASAgasmbl_15376	PH4alphaEFBa	unknown
	CG9095	mu8AUGapi5p1s00024g218	CG9095a	wing hair formation (Adler et al. 2013)
	CG14395	mu8AUGapi5p1s02190g301	CG14395a	unknown
	tyn	mu8AUGapi5s00190g30t1_ m8AUGepir3s00190g27	tyna	cuticular structure formation (Fernandes et al. 2010)
	sha	mu8AUGepir2s03326g79	shaa	cuticle pattern formation (Chanut-Delalande et al. 2006)
	f	mu8AUGepir3s00642g197	fa
	dsx-c73A	mu8AUGep24bs00781g82	dsx-c73Aa	cuticle development (Andrew and Baker 2008)
	mwh	mu8AUGepir7s00311g165	mwha	wing hair formation (Yan et al. 2008)
Cuticle formation	grh	mu8AUGepir6s00018g56; Dapma7bEVm018464	grha	adult epidermis differentiation; cuticle organization; wound healing (Lee and Adler 2004; Mace et al. 2005; Gangishetti et al. 2012)
	pwn	mu8AUGepir7s01005g246	pwna	wing hair formation (Adler et al. 2013)
	pk	mu8AUGepir7s02385g127	pka	wing hair orientation (Hogan et al. 2011)
	stan	mu8AUGepir2s01005g28_ mu8AUGepir7s01005g30	stana	wing hair formation (Lee and Adler 2004)
Midgut differentiation	DamGATAe	mu8AUGep24b_ p1s02190g273t1_ m8AUGepir7p1s02190g312	GATAea	midgut differentiation (Okumura et al. 2007; Okumura et al. 2016)
	CG17633	mu8AUGepir7s03311g142t1_ m8PASAgasmbl_97928	CG17633a	Carboxypeptidase A (Okumura et al. 2007)
	epsilonTry	mu8AUGepir7s02861g45	epsilonTrya	serine-protease (Ross et al. 2003)
	gammaTry	mu8PASAgasmbl_13209	gammaTrya	serine-protease homologue (Ross et al. 2003)
	zetaTry1	mu8AUGepir7s00868g268	zetaTrya	gut-specific trypsin (Attrill et al. 2016)
	zetaTry2	mu8AUGepir7s00868g265	zetaTrya	gut-specific trypsin (Attrill et al. 2016)
	zetaTry3	mu8AUGepir7s00868g262	zetaTrya	gut-specific trypsin (Attrill et al. 2016)
	zetaTry4	mu8AUGapi5s00868g254	zetaTrya	gut-specific trypsin (Attrill et al. 2016)
	DamT152	mu8AUGepir7s00868g263	DamT152b	gut-specific trypsin (Von Elert et al. 2004)
	DamT208	mu8PASAgasmbl_35335	DamT208b
	if	mu8AUGepir7p2s00512g264	ifa	adhesion/signaling protein regulating cellular adhesion, migration and survival (Attrill et al. 2016)
	mys	mu8PASAgasmbl_83547	mysa
Food digestion	DamT610	mu8PASAgasmbl_87235	Sbb	gut-specific trypsin (Von Elert et al. 2004)
	DamCT448	mu8AUGepir7s03102g104	Jon65Aivb	gut-specific chymotrypsin (Von Elert et al. 2004)
	DamCT802	mu8AUGepir7p1s00944g14	CG10472b
	DamCT383	mu8PASAgasmbl_39448	Jon65Aivb
	Amy-p1	mu8PASAgasmbl_2973	Amy-pa	starch digestion (Attrill et al. 2016)
	Amy-p2	mu8PASAgasmbl_45416	Amy-pa	starch digestion (Attrill et al. 2016)
	Amy-p3	mu8AUGapi5s00725g187	Amy-pa	starch digestion (Attrill et al. 2016)
	Amy-p4	mu8PASAgasmbl_45408	Amy-pa	starch digestion (Attrill et al. 2016)
	Amy-p5	mu8AUGapi5s00261g171	Amy-pa	starch digestion (Attrill et al. 2016)
	Amy-p6	mu8AUGapi5p1s00944g273	Amy-pa	starch digestion (Attrill et al. 2016)
Neuropeptide signaling	DamIrp2	mu8PASAgasmbl_73983	irp2c	insulin-related neuropeptide (Dircksen et al. 2011)
	tobi	mu8AUGep24bs00005g33	tobia	target of insulin-signaling; glucosidase; influences life span, growth and viability (Buch et al. 2008)
	ImpL2	mu8AUGep24b_p1s02190g119	ImpL2a	suppressor of insulin signaling (Honegger et al. 2008)
	DamAstB	mu8PASAgasmbl_9028	astBc	inhibition of JH and 20E biosynthesis (Hoffmann et al. 1999; Yamanaka et al. 2010; Dircksen et al. 2011)
	DamAT	mu8PASAgasmbl_50343	atc	inhibition of JH and 20E biosynthesis (Kaneko and Hiruma 2015); myotropic activity on the gut (Dircksen et al. 2011; Verlinden et al. 2015)
	DamRya	mu8PASAgasmbl_94734	ryac	attenuation of feeding motivation (Dircksen et al. 2011; Ida et al. 2011; Maeda et al. 2015)
	DamRYa-R	mu8AUGapi5s00770g109	RYa-Ra	RYamide receptor (Ida et al. 2011)
	Tequila	mu8PASAgasmbl_40324	Tequilaa	regulates insulin-like signaling and life span; proteolytic peptide hormone activation (Huang et al. 2015)
	amon	mu8PASAgasmbl_17947	amona	proteolytic peptide hormone activation (Reiher et al. 2011)
	7B2	mu8PASAgasmbl_33811	7B2a	required by amon for maturation (Hwang et al. 2000)
JH signaling	DamJHBP	mu8PASAgasmbl_45217	pfam06585d	JH titre promotion (Nijhout et al. 2014)
	DamJHE	mu8AUGepir3s03135g39	JHEb	JH degradation (Heckmann et al. 2008; Nijhout et al. 2014)

^aDrosophila melanogaster.

^bDaphnia magna.

^cDaphnia pulex.

^dContains haemolymph JH binding protein domain pfam06585 (BLAST CDD).