Table 1.
Sample characteristicsa
| Iron status | ||
| Replete | 108 | 38.2% |
| Moderate iron deficiency (iron deficient erythropoiesis, IDE) | 88 | 31.1% |
| Severe iron deficiency (iron deficiency anemia, IDA) | 45 | 15.9% |
| Non-iron deficiency anemia (NIDA) | 42 | 14.8% |
| Prevalent infectious disease | ||
| Biomarkers of inflammationb | 153 | 57.7% |
| Reported symptoms | ||
| Any infectious disease | 88 | 31.1% |
| Malaria | 56 | 19.8% |
| Respiratory infectious disease | 65 | 23.0% |
| Diarrheal/gastrointestinal infectious disease | 27 | 9.5% |
| Other infectious disease | 1 | 0.4% |
| Physician’s diagnosis | ||
| Any infectious disease | 54 | 19.0% |
| Malaria | 22 | 7.8% |
| Respiratory infectious disease | 35 | 12.4% |
| Diarrheal/gastrointestinal infectious disease | 0 | 0.0% |
| Other infectious disease | 11 | 3.9% |
| Incident infectious disease | ||
| Diagnosisc | ||
| Any infectious disease | 0.28 per child-month | |
| Malaria | 0.05 per child-month | |
| Respiratory infectious disease | 0.15 per child-month | |
| Symptoms | ||
| Any infectious disease | 0.88 per child-month | |
| Malaria | 0.57 per child-month | |
| Respiratory infectious disease | 0.69 per child-month | |
| Individual characteristics | ||
| Sex | ||
| Female | 154 | 54.4% |
| Male | 129 | 45.6% |
| Age (mean, standard deviation) | 4.49, 1.62 | |
| Wasting | 1 | 0.4% |
| Stunting | 75 | 28.1% |
| Triceps skin-fold thickness (TSF; mean, SD) | 11.78, 3.25 | |
| Weaned ‘early’ (age <2 years) | 62 | 22.8% |
| Household characteristics | ||
| Materials | ||
| Cement | 144 | 50.9% |
| Earth | 139 | 49.1% |
| Animals | ||
| Any | 257 | 91.1% |
| Cattle | 179 | 63.3% |
a
Complete information on age, sex, infectious diseases by reported symptoms and physician’s diagnosis, iron status and household characteristics was available for 283 participating children. Of these, complete info on biomarkers of inflammation was available for 265; complete information on wasting and stunting was available for 267; and, complete information on was TSF available for 239.
b
Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) or α1-acid glycoprotein [28].
c
Few cases of diarrheal/gastrointestinal or other ID were diagnosed, so incidence rates were not calculated.