Reversal of the U-87MG tumor cell reprogrammed metabolism by si-hVDAC1 treatment. (A–C) IHC of s.c. si-NT-TTs or si-hVDAC1-TTs stained for the indicated antibodies. (D, E) Immunoblot of selected proteins. RU = relative unit. (F) Levels of mRNA of metabolic enzymes in si-hVDAC1-TTs relative to those in si-NT-TTs. Results = mean ± SEM (n = 3–5), *P ≤ .05; **P ≤ .01. (G) Representative IHC sections from brains engrafted with si-NT- or si-hVDAC1–treated U-87MG cells, 22 days after cell grafting, stained for Glut1 and VDAC1. (H, I) IHC of s.c. si-NT-TTs and si-hVDAC1-TTs stained for Ki-67; positive cells were counted over several fields. (J) Analysis by qRT-PCR of Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mRNA levels in si-NT- (black bars) and si-hVDAC1 (gray bars)-TTs. Results = mean ± SEM (n = 3–5), **P ≤ .01; ***P ≤ .001). (K, L) IHC and immunoblot analyses of epidermal growth factor receptor.