Table 2.
Clinical manifestations leading to initial evaluation for leptomeningeal metastases
| Clinical Manifestations Leading to Initial Evaluation for LM | N (%) |
|---|---|
| Clinical symptoms* | 92 (97) |
| Headache | 32 (34) |
| Gait instability | 28 (29) |
| Sensory changes | 24 (25) |
| Confusion/mental state changes | 22 (23) |
| Focal limb weakness | 22 (23) |
| Cranial nerves abnormalities | 16 (17) |
| Back pain | 9 (9) |
| Nausea and vomiting | 7 (7) |
| Seizures | 6 (6) |
| Urine incontinence | 4 (4) |
| Speech abnormalities | 3 (3) |
| MRI abnormalities | 3 (3) |
*Some patients had more than one clinical symptom.