Table 3. Crude and adjusted Odds ratios (OR) for the optimal birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) among women attending two rural primary health centers, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka, India, June-September 2013 (n = 184).
| Variable for optimal BPCR# | OR | 95% CI | Adjusted OR† | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≤26 | 1 | 1 | ||
| >26 | 1.811 | 0.87–3.78 | 2.97 | 1.15–7.7§ |
| Religion | ||||
| Hindu | 0.954 | 0.46–1.98 | 0.7 | 0.24–2.03 |
| Islam/Christian | 1 | 1 | ||
| Gravidity/Parity | ||||
| Primgravid/ Primipara | 0.73 | 0.36–1.5 | 1.8 | 0.64–4.8 |
| Multigravid/ Multipara | 1 | 1 | ||
| Household size | ||||
| >5 | 1.23 | 0.58–2.6 | 1.01 | 0.4–2.56 |
| ≤5 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Education status | ||||
| Illiterate/up to secondary school | 1 | 1 | ||
| High school and above | 1.44 | 0.63–3.3 | 0.8 | 0.26–2.4 |
| Working status | ||||
| Unemployed | 1 | 1 | ||
| Employed | 0.833 | 0.36–1.95 | 0.87 | 0.3–2.55 |
| Husband’s education status | ||||
| Illiterate/up to secondary school | 1.45 | 0.59–3.57 | 0.5 | 0.13–1.83 |
| High school and above | 1 | 1 | ||
| Husband’s occupation | ||||
| Skilled or professional | 0.81 | 0.395–1.66 | 1.4 | 0.5–3.87 |
| Unskilled | 1 | 1 | ||
| Economic status | ||||
| Above poverty line | 3.65 | 1.6–8.5§ | 4.3 | 1.12–16.5§ |
| Below poverty line | 1 | 1 | ||
| Preferred source of antenatal care /delivery | ||||
| Private health sector | 3.125 | 1.42–6.9§ | 2.9 | 1.1–8.01§ |
| Public health sector | 1 | 1 | ||
| Antenatal care visits done | ||||
| <4 | 1 | 1 | ||
| ≥4 | 3.5 | 1.5–6.9§ | 2.4 | 0.83–6.96 |
| Aware of Janani Suraksha Yojana | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.24 | 0.61–2.5 | 1.6 | 0.55–4.54 |
| Knowledge of key danger signs | ||||
| Aware of at least six danger signs | 5.179 | 2.28–11.8§ | 3.98 | 1.4–11.1§ |
| Aware of <6 danger signs/unaware | 1 | 1 | ||
| Decision maker in seeking healthcare | ||||
| Self | 0.7 | 0.24–2.08 | 3.04 | 0.72–12.8 |
| Husband/others | 1 | 1 | ||
| Companion for antenatal care | ||||
| None | 1 | |||
| Husband/mother/mother-in-law | 1.51 | 0.58–3.91 | 1.04 | 0.3–3.6 |
| Adequately informed about BPCR | ||||
| Yes | 2.13 | 1.04–4.4§ | 1.37 | 0.43–4.4 |
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Discussed BPCR with family members | ||||
| Yes | 3.56 | 1.69–7.5§ | 3.4 | 1.1–10.4§ |
| No | 1 | 1 |
OR = Odds ratio; CI = Confidence Interval;
#Any 3 of 5 steps: identified a health facility, arranged for transport, identified blood donor, identified a birth companion and saved money for emergency;
§Significant (p<0.05);
†Adjusted for all the independent variables indicated in the table