Table 1.
Characteristics of Medicare Beneficiaries Receiving Care from FQHCs in the Study Sample
| Characteristic | All Sites (N = 804) | No Equivalent Recognition Sites (N = 97) | Level 1, 2, or 3 Equivalent Recognition Sites (N = 707) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), n (%): | |||
| 18–44 | 21,792 (9.4) | 2193 (8.1) | 19,599 (9.6) |
| 45–64 | 66,609 (28.8) | 7097 (26.1) | 59,512 (29.2) |
| 65–74 | 84,136 (36.4) | 10,195 (37.5) | 73,941 (36.2) |
| 75–84 | 44,079 (19.1) | 5823 (21.4) | 38,256 (18.8) |
| 85 and older | 14,547 (6.3) | 1863 (6.9) | 12,684 (6.2) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%): | |||
| White | 164,073 (71.0) | 16,974 (62.5) | 147,099 (72.1) |
| Black | 40,456 (17.5) | 6210 (22.9) | 34,246 (16.8) |
| Asian | 7750 (3.4) | 2396 (8.8) | 5354 (2.6) |
| Hispanic | 12,961 (5.6) | 1087 (4.0) | 11,874 (5.8) |
| North American Native | 2299 (1.0) | 97 (0.4) | 2202 (1.1) |
| Other/unknown | 3624 (1.6) | 407 (1.5) | 3217 (1.6) |
| Gender, n (%): | |||
| Male | 99,506 (43.0) | 11,719 (43.1) | 87,787 (43.0) |
| Female | 131,657 (57.0) | 15,452 (56.9) | 116,205 (57.0) |
| Dual eligible, n (%) | 111,449 (48.2) | 13,039 (48.0) | 98,410 (48.2) |
| Disabled, n (%) | 112,429 (48.6) | 11,938 (43.9) | 100,491 (49.3) |
| Institutionalized, n (%) | 4436 (1.9) | 519 (1.9) | 3917 (1.9) |
| Comorbidities, n (%): | |||
| Diabetes | 84,562 (36.6) | 9928 (36.5) | 74,634 (36.6) |
| Chronic lung disorders | 41,083 (17.8) | 4559 (16.8) | 36,524 (17.9) |
| Chronic/disabling mental health conditions | 33,127 (14.3) | 3324 (12.2) | 29,803 (14.6) |
| Cardiovascular disorders | 34,968 (15.1) | 3969 (14.6) | 30,999 (15.2) |
| Chronic heart failure | 31,247 (13.5) | 3544 (13.0) | 27,703 (13.6) |
| Neurological disorders | 28,949 (12.5) | 3055 (11.2) | 25,894 (12.7) |
| Vascular disorders | 26,516 (11.5) | 2881 (10.6) | 23,635 (11.6) |
| Renal failure | 27,116 (11.7) | 3381 (12.4) | 23,735 (11.6) |
| Cancer | 21,525 (9.3) | 2644 (9.7) | 18,881 (9.3) |
| Trauma | 12,494 (5.4) | 1384 (5.1) | 11,110 (5.4) |
| Stroke | 10,829 (4.7) | 1306 (4.8) | 9523 (4.7) |
| Autoimmune disorders | 10,423 (4.5) | 1164 (4.3) | 9259 (4.5) |
| Chronic alcohol/drug dependence | 8206 (3.5) | 725 (2.7) | 7481 (3.7) |
| Infections | 6844 (3.0) | 861 (3.2) | 5983 (2.9) |
| Decubitus ulcer | 7019 (3.0) | 816 (3.0) | 6203 (3.0) |
| Moderate or end-stage liver disease | 6101 (2.6) | 723 (2.7) | 5378 (2.6) |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | 5897 (2.6) | 664 (2.4) | 5233 (2.6) |
| Protein-calorie malnutrition | 3665 (1.6) | 509 (1.9) | 3156 (1.5) |
| Pancreatic disease | 3265 (1.4) | 352 (1.3) | 2913 (1.4) |
| HIV/AIDS | 2654 (1.1) | 316 (1.2) | 2338 (1.1) |
| Bone/joint/muscle infections or necrosis | 1993 (0.9) | 217 (0.8) | 1776 (0.9) |
| Severe hematological disorders | 1889 (0.8) | 195 (0.7) | 1694 (0.8) |
Note: “Institutionalized” was defined as having two or more skilled nursing facility stays in the previous 24 months. Comorbidities were measured using Hierarchical Condition Categories.23 Cancer comorbidity excludes pre-cancer or in situ status. The results displayed in the table are not propensity score-weighted