Table 1.

The effect of maximum reproductive effort (maximum annual # pups) on lifetime reproductive success in terms of total number of pups produced over the lifetime (Poisson GLMM), and total number of recruited offspring over the lifetime (Negative binomial GLMM), based on the best models.

		β	Back-transformed estimate	CI 2.5%	CI 97.5%	Z	P
Pups*	Intercept	1.780		1.719	1.832	39.7	<0.001
	Max. annual pups	0.454	4.885	4.784	4.980	18.2	<0.001
	Max. annual pups 2	−0.061	−4.123	−4.154	−4.096	−8.2	<0.001
	Peak age	0.022	2.223	−2.228	2.278	0.8	0.408
	Peak age 2	−0.037	−2.241	−2.267	−2.218	−3.3	<0.001
	Lifespan	0.419	4.031	3.965	4.083	22.5	<0.001
	Primiparity ‡	0.284		0.214	0.355	7.7	<0.001
Recruits†	Intercept	0.184		−0.014	0.342	2.09	<0.001
	Max. annual pups	0.462	4.901	4.699	5.122	7.27	<0.001
	Max. annual pups 2	−0.096	−4.191	−4.276	−4.119	−4.47	<0.001
	Lifespan	0.542	4.245	4.092	4.381	12.6	<0.001
	Primiparity ‡	0.306		0.135	0.471	3.62	<0.001

Significant results in bold. Back-transformed estimates and associated confidence intervals (CI) as well as the scaled estimate are given for parameters that were scaled for the analysis, and untransformed intervals are provided for un-scaled terms. *Poisson GLMM, N = 548 females; Random effect: Cohort (N = 24) variance = 0.000 ± 0.016. ^†Negative binomial GLMM, N = 548 females; Random effect: Cohort (N = 24) variance = 0.070 ± 0.265; Negative binomial dispersion parameter = 11.2. ^‡Reference value: delayed; i.e. positive value indicates a higher lifetime reproductive success of females that began breeding as yearlings.