Figure 3.

Association of 48 SNP polygenic risk score for WHRadjBMI with cardiometabolic quantitative traits. Results are standardized to a one SD increase in WHRadjBMI due to polygenic risk score. For systolic blood pressure, a one SD genetic increase WHRadjBMI is associated with a 2.1 mm Hg higher systolic blood pressure (95% CI 1.2, 3.0), or a 0.1 standard deviation increase in systolic blood pressure (CI 0.059, 0.15). For anthropometric traits, estimates from Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT – derived using inverse variance weighted fixed effects meta-analysis^13,14) were pooled with UK Biobank (derived instrumental variables regression adjusting for age, sex, ten principal components of ancestry and array type) using inverse variance weighted fixed effects meta-analysis. For lipids, glycaemic and renal function traits, estimates were derived from genome-wide association studies (Global Lipids Genetics¹¹, Meta-analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related Traits¹² and Chronic Kidney Genetics Consortia¹⁵, respectively). For blood pressure, estimates were derived from UK Biobank. Two hour glucose refers to measured blood glucose levels two hour after consumption of dissolved glucose. 95% confidence intervals are reported beside associations. The threshold of significance was p<0.0033 (0.05/15=0.0033). Error bars refer to the 95% confidence interval for each estimate. Size of data marker is inversely proportional to variance of estimate. Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation; WHRadjBMI, waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index; waist-to-hip ratio, WHR; body mass index, BMI; LDL cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, hemoglobin a1c; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; waist, waist circumference; hip, hip circumference; beta, beta coefficient.