Table 1.

Genes associated with NAS phenotype.

Gene	SNP	Genotype	Associated NAS phenotype	Annotation	CADD scorec	Allele frequencies
						EA	Afr	Latino
OPRM1	rs1799971	G allelea	Less likely to receive treatment; shortened length of stay	Missense Asn133Asp	24.1	0.13	0.03	0.21
COMT	rs4680	G allelea	Less likely to receive treatment with two or more medications; shortened length of stay	Missense Val158Met	11.4	0.48	0.69	0.6
	rs4680	G alleleb	Less likely to receive treatment with two medications		11.4
	rs740603	A allelea	Less likely to receive pharmacological treatment; shortened length of stay	Intronic	0.2	0.49	0.56	0.61
	rs740603	A alleleb	Less likely to receive any pharmacological treatment		0.2
PNOC	rs351776	A allelea	More likely to be treated with two medications; longer length of stay	Intronic	1.3	0.44	0.78	0.69
	rs351776	A alleleb	More likely to receive treatment with two medications; longer length of stay		1.3
	rs2614095	A allelea	More likely to be treated with two medications	Intronic	2.9	0.46	0.11	0.27
	rs4732636	A allelea	Less likely to receive medication treatment	Upstream	6.3	0.28	0.1	0.36
OPRK1	rs702764	C allelea	More likely to receive treatment with two medications	Synonymous	0.4	0.13	0.49	0.28
OPRD1	rs204076	A alleleb	More likely to receive treatment with two medications; longer length of stay	Downstream	5.6	0.66	0.83	0.82
DRD2	rs1799732	Deletion	Less likely to require treatment with medication	Upstream	N/A	0.1	0.5	0.12

^aInfant allele.

^bMaternal allele.

^cCombined annotation-dependent depletion (17).

EA, European–American; Afr, African; N/A, not applicable (frame shift).