TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of the AHS-2 study population1
| Variables | Values |
| Age, y | 58 ± 132 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |
| At baseline | 27 ± 5 |
| At HHF4 | 27 ± 6 |
| Difference | 0 ± 3 |
| Change per year | 0 ± 0.4 |
| Follow-up time, y | 7 ± 1 |
| Dietary energy, kcal/d | 1930 ± 727 |
| Dietary fiber, g/d | 33 ± 16 |
| Dietary protein, g/d | 70 ± 29 |
| Number of meals and snacks/d | 4 ± 1 |
| Mean overnight fast, h | 14 ± 3 |
| Exercise, min/wk (moderate intensity) | 85 ± 96 |
| Sleep, h/d | 7 ± 1 |
| Television watching, h/d | 2 ± 1 |
| Sex | |
| Missing | 11 (0.02) |
| Women | 31,346 (64) |
| Men | 17,339 (36) |
| Race | |
| Missing | 184 (0.4) |
| Nonblack | 40,636 (83) |
| Black | 7876 (16) |
| Education | |
| Missing | 412 (1) |
| ≤High school | 21,586 (44) |
| Trade school, some college, or associate’s degree | 8275 (17) |
| ≥College | 18,423 (38) |
| Annual income | |
| Missing | 3334 (7) |
| <$20,000 | 18,448 (38) |
| ≥$20,000–50,000 | 16,737 (34) |
| >$50,000 | 10,177 (21) |
| Marital status | |
| Missing | 634 (1) |
| Single/divorced/separated/widowed | 37,508 (77) |
| Married/common law | 10,554 (22) |
| Type of residence | |
| Missing | 790 (2) |
| Owned/rented | 46,579 (96) |
| Assisted | 215 (0.4) |
| Nursing home | 84 (0.2) |
| Family/friends | 1028 (2) |
| Smoking status | |
| Missing | 346 (1) |
| Never | 40,177 (83) |
| Previous | 7905 (16) |
| Current | 268 (1) |
| Alcohol use within the last 2 y | |
| Missing | 167 (0.3) |
| No | 43,861 (90) |
| Yes | 4668 (10) |
| Diabetes | |
| Missing | 79 (0.2) |
| No | 46,326 (95) |
| Yes | 2291 (5) |
| Use of statin | |
| Missing | 2889 (6) |
| No | 40,983 (84) |
| Yes | 4824 (10) |
| Use of high blood pressure medication | |
| Missing | 2671 (5) |
| No | 39,299 (81) |
| Yes | 6726 (14) |
| Consumption of breakfast | |
| No | 3229 (7) |
| Yes | 45,467 (93) |
| Largest meal consumed per day | |
| Missing | 0 (0) |
| Breakfast | 10,285 (21) |
| Lunch | 20,234 (42) |
| Dinner | 18,177 (37) |
1
All values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated. AHS-2, Adventist Health Study 2; HHF4, fourth biennial Hospital History Form.
2
Mean ± SD (all such values).