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. 2017 Aug 13;2017:7901763. doi: 10.1155/2017/7901763

Table 3.

Distribution of Candida spp. from bloodstream infections in NICU patients from 2000–2015 in various studies.

Reference Country/observation time Study design Number of isolatesa Distribution of Candida spp. (%)
CA CP CG CT CGU CF CK CL CD CLI CST CKE Candida  spp.b
  Europe                              
Presterl et al., 2007 [10] Austria/January 2001 to December 2006 Retrospective/single hospital 16 93.8 6.2                      
Lagrou et al., 2007 [11] Belgium/January 2001 to December 2005 Retrospective, data from the hospital information system/single hospital 9 88.9                       11.1
Sarvikivi et al., 2005 [12] Finland/January 2000 to December 2002 (original period: 1991–2002) Retrospective, data were laboratory-based/single hospital 25 32 68                      
Spiliopoulou et al., 2012 [13] Greece/January 2005 to December 2009 Retrospective/single hospital 40 67.5 25 2.5 5                  
Lovero et al., 2016 [14] Italy/January 2000 to December 2014 Retrospective, data were laboratory-based/single hospital 57 47 44 4   5                
Montagna et al., 2010 [15] Italy/February 2007 to August 2008 Prospective (Aurora), data were web database-based/6 neonatal units 21 35 60 5                    
Tortorano et al., 2013 [16] Italy/January 2009 to December 2009 Prospective, data were laboratory-based/34 hospitals 17 58.8 35.3 5.9                    
Rodriguez et al., 2006 [17] Spain/January 2002 to December 2003 Prospective, data were laboratory-based/5 hospitals 24 29.2 66.7 4.1                    
Pemán et al., 2011 [18] Spain/January 2009 to February 2010 Prospective (FUNGEMYCA)/30 hospitals 27 51.9 33.3 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7              
Yalaz et al., 2006 [19] Turkey/January 2000 to December 2002 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 14 100                        
Celebi et al., 2012 [20] Turkey/January 2000 to December 2007 Prospective/single hospital 28 42.9 57.1                      
Ozkan et al., 2014 [21] Turkey/January 2003 to December 2010 Prospective/single hospital 24 33.3 66.7                      
Clerihew et al., 2006 [22] United Kingdom/February 2003 to February 2004 Prospective (British Paediatric Surveillance Unit)/56 neonatal units 67 55.2 32.8                     12
Vergnano et al., 2011 [23] United Kingdom/January 2006 to December 2008 Prospective (NeonIN), data were web database-based/12 neonatal units 37 73                       27
  North and South America                              
Aziz et al., 2010 [24] USA/January 2000 to December 2006 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 10 40 40 10             10    
Feja et al., 2005 [25] USA/March 2001 to January 2003 Prospective/2 neonatal units 45 62 31 2         2     2    
Horn et al., 2009 [26] USA/July 2004 to March 2008 Prospective (PATH Alliance), data were web database-based/23 hospitals 26 69.2 26.9                     3.8
Pfaller et al., 2012 [27] USA-Canada/July 2004 to December 2008 Prospective (PATH Alliance), data were web database-based/23 medical centers in the USA and two in Canada 62 54.8 30.6 1.6         6.5         6.5
Bizzarro et al., 2015 [28] USA/January 2004 to December 2013 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 20 50 35 5         5 5        
Natarajan et al., 2009 [29] USA/January 2006 to December 2007 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 29 58.6 27.6 6.9   3.4   3.4            
Robinson et al., 2012 [30] USA/January 2000 to December 2010 Retrospective, data from the hospital information system/single hospital 37 59.5 24.3   8.1       5.4         2.7
Batista et al., 2014 [31] Brazil/October 2006 to March 2007 Prospective/single hospital 10 60 40                      
Hoffmann-Santos et al., 2013 [32] Brazil/January 2006 to December 2011 Retrospective, data were laboratory-based/2 hospitals 45 33.3 48.9   11.2                 6.7
Cortés et al., 2011 [33] Colombia/January 2001 to December 2007 Prospective, data were laboratory-based/27 hospitals 143 61 15       5             19
Cortés et al., 2014 [34] Colombia/March 2008 to March 2009 Prospective/7 hospitals 15 60 13.3   13.3                 13.3
  Asia                              
Hua et al., 2012 [35] China/February 2008 to February 2010 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 34 38.2 32.4 2.9 5.9 5.9 11.8 2.9            
Wu et al., 2014 [36] China/January 2009 to December 2011 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 37 16.2       54.1               29.7
Chen et al., 2015 [37] China/January 2010 to December 2013 Retrospective, data from the hospital information system/single hospital 43 14 39.5     32.6 14              
Rani et al., 2002 [38] India/January 2000 to June 2000 Prospective/single hospital 50 4     92               4  
Agarwal et al., 2004 [39] India/August 2002 to April 2003 Prospective/single hospital 90 15.6                       84.4
Femitha et al., 2013 [40] India/October 2009 and July 2011 Prospective/single hospital 36 25   44.4                   30.6
Mehara et al., 2013 [41] India/January 2012 to September 2012 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 9 44.4   22.2 33.3                  
Juyal et al., 2013 [42] India/January 2012 to December 2012 Prospective, data were laboratory-based/single hospital 132 19.7 25 14.4 24     10.6           8.3
Chaurasia et al., 2015 [43] India/January 2013 to June 2013 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 30 20 23.3 10 36.7     10            
Wadile and Bhate, 2015 [44] India/January 2014 to December 2014 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 20 65 15 10 5     5            
Al-Sweih et al., 2009 [45] Kuwait/January 2000 to December 2006 (original period: 1995–2006) Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 108 41.7 45.4                     12.9
Hammoud et al., 2013 [46] Kuwait/January 2007 to December 2010 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 89 47.2 38.2 6.7   1.1 4.5   2.2          
Khan et al., 2015 [47] Pakistan/January 2009 to January 2014 Retrospective, data were laboratory-based/single hospital 41 26                       74
Wu et al., 2009 [48] Taiwan/January 2001 to December 2006 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 13 23.1 69.2                     7.7
Tsai et al., 2014 [49] Taiwan/January 2004 to December 2011 Retrospective, review of medical records and administrative databases/single hospital 52 61.5 30.8 7.7                    
Lim et al., 2012 [50] Taiwan/January 2005 to December 2009 Retrospective, review of medical records and administrative database/single hospital 6 66.7 33.3                      
Chen et al., 2015 [37] Taiwan/January 2008 to December 2013 Retrospective, review of medical records/single hospital 9 22.2 77.8                      
  Africa                              
Motara et al., 2005 South Africa/July 2002 to July 2003 Retrospective, data were laboratory-based/single hospital 10 80 20                      
Ballot et al., 2013 [51] South Africa/January 2007 to December 2011 Retrospective/single hospital 57 28.1 56.1 3.5 8.8       1.8 1.8        
  Oceania                              
Chen et al., 2006 [52] Australia/August 2001 to July 2004 Retrospective, data were laboratory-based/50 microbiology laboratories 35 42 43 9 2         2       2

CA: Candida albicans; CP: C. parapsilosis; CG: C. glabrata; CT: C. tropicalis; CGU: C. guilliermondii; CF: C. famata; CK: C. krusei; CL: C. lusitaniae; CD: C. dubliniensis; CLI: C. lipolytica; CST: C. stelloidea; CKE: C. kefyr. aTotal number of Candida isolates from blood (or the total number of candidemia episodes when the number of isolates was not available from the original study). bIncluding Candida spp. not depicted in the table and Candida spp. not identified at the species level.