Table 1.

Phenotypic variation and genetic analysis of 21 traits using 175 F_9:11 soybean recombinant inbred lines (RILs) under natural conditions in the field.

Traits	Parents		RILs
	JD12	NF58	Maximum	Minimum	Mean	SD	CV/%	Kurt	Skew	h2b
NTN	117.50	51.00	331.67	4.38	83.40	55.77	66.87	4.29	1.79	0.89
WTN	0.53	0.19	0.81	0.01	0.27	0.15	56.91	0.34	0.70	0.84
NBN	85.25	35.89	162.22	1.00	48.56	29.89	61.56	1.29	1.12	0.86
WBN	0.50	0.18	0.66	0.01	0.23	0.13	57.70	-0.18	0.54	0.82
NSN	32.25	15.11	232.00	2.57	34.84	32.54	93.40	9.84	2.66	0.89
WSN	0.03	0.01	0.28	0.00	0.04	0.04	94.43	13.39	3.02	0.87
RDW	3.68	3.20	5.63	1.37	3.54	0.93	26.39	-0.53	0.04	0.85
SDW	59.16	45.26	89.59	23.07	53.76	12.71	23.64	-0.03	-0.09	0.72
TRL	1086.20	1958.65	3207.23	227.40	1261.36	530.13	42.03	1.02	0.96	0.68
FRL	959.99	1740.02	2984.07	210.39	1129.42	499.47	44.22	1.15	1.01	0.67
MRL	100.91	154.12	186.47	8.99	98.30	35.68	36.30	-0.55	0.20	0.70
CRL	24.33	62.28	76.47	7.76	31.42	12.10	38.52	0.98	0.87	0.59
TRSA	198.01	369.20	420.97	34.95	216.75	71.96	33.20	-0.07	0.57	0.66
FRSA	91.49	182.05	224.98	18.88	105.36	40.39	38.33	0.60	0.86	0.65
MRSA	42.57	65.80	79.16	3.87	41.82	15.50	37.05	-0.54	0.22	0.70
CRSA	37.99	77.75	131.71	8.24	47.98	16.54	34.47	3.24	1.07	0.63
TRV	10.05	16.50	40.32	1.08	12.62	4.72	37.44	5.91	1.35	0.68
FRV	1.07	2.18	2.65	0.18	1.22	0.44	35.84	0.55	0.79	0.65
MRV	1.48	2.32	2.77	0.14	1.47	0.56	37.89	-0.52	0.24	0.70
CRV	7.50	11.99	35.99	0.76	9.93	4.13	41.58	8.15	1.70	0.64
ARD	0.68	0.62	0.91	0.37	0.59	0.12	19.91	-0.25	0.45	0.70

RILs: recombinant inbred lines; roots were separated into three groups based on the root diameter (RD), including fine (RD < 1 mm), medium roots (1 mm ≤ RD < 2 mm) and coarse roots (RD ≥ 2 mm). Twenty-one traits included six BNF (biological nitrogen fixation) traits: NTN (number of total nodule, #/plant), WTN (weight of total nodule, g/plant), NBN (number of big nodules, #/plant), WBN (dry weight of big nodules, g/plant), NSN (number of small nodules, #/plant) and WSN (dry weight of small nodules, g/plant); 14 RA (root architecture) traits: TRL (total root length, cm/plant), FRL (fine root length, cm/plant), MRL (medium root length, cm/plant), CRL (coarse root length, cm/plant), TRSA (total root surface area, cm²/plant), FRSA (surface area of fine roots, cm²/plant), MRSA (surface area of medium roots, cm²/plant), CRSA (surface area of coarse roots, cm²/plant), TRV (total root volume, cm³/plant), FRV (fine root volume, cm³/plant), MRV (medium root volume, cm³/plant), CRV (coarse root volume, cm³/plant), ARD (average root diameter, mm) and RDW (root dry weight, g/plant); and SDW (shoot dry weight g/plant).