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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 28.
Published in final edited form as: Leukemia. 2011 Sep 2;26(1):63–72. doi: 10.1038/leu.2011.242

Table I.

The effects of CC cleavage fragments on stem cell trafficking

Cleavage fragments Released in BM microenvironment Released in BM sinusoid plasma
C3a, desArgC3a Increase responsiveness to BM SDF-1 gradients Increase chemotactic responsiveness to BM sinusoid plasma SDF-1 gradients
C5a, desArgC5a Stimulate release of proteolytic enzymes by BM fibroblasts and cells from the granulo-monocytic lineage Induce egress of granulocytes and monocytes from BM to pave the way for subsequent egress of HSPCs
iC3b Tethers CR3+ HSPCs in the BM microenvironment Tethers CR3+ HSPCs in the BM microenvironment
Soluble C5b-C9 (MAC) Increases secretion of SDF-1 by BM stromal cells and increases iC3b–CR3 tethering Induces release of S1P from erythrocytes and platelets