Table A1.

Compilation of available data on occurrence, damage volume and size of disturbed forest patches in the Alps since the 19th century. The compilation is based on different and heterogenous sources and cannot be expected to be complete.

Agent	Region available	Data for	Affected forest	Other characteristics	Source
Wind	Switzerlanda	1865–2014	0.16 mio m3/yr	26 winterstorms, 634 events	Usbeck (2015)
Wind	Swiss Alps	1990	4.5 mio m3	Max. 59.6 ha, median 0.5 ha	WSL Geodatabase
Wind	Bavarian Alps	1990	3.2 mio m3	ca. 3% of volume	König (1995)
Wind	Slovenian Alps	1918–2014	0.02 mio m3/yr		Bleiweis (1983)
Wind	Austrian Alps	1829	0.7 mio m3		Weigl (1997)
Wind	Switzerlanda	1967	2.9 mio m3	0.9% of volume	Usbeck (2015)
Wind	Slovenian Alps	1984	0.45 mio m3/yr		Papler-Lampe (2008)
Wind	Swiss Alps	1999	5.6 mio m3	Max. 26 ha, 39% scatteredc	WSL Geodatabase
Wind	Slovenian Alps	2008	0.3 mio m3	Over 9260 ha total area	SFS (2015)
Wind	Austrian Alps	2002–2010	1.9 mio m3/yr		Thom et al. (2013)
Wind and Snow	Austriaa	1944–1989	1.6 mio m3/yr		Steyrer et al. (2011)
Wind and Snow	Aosta/Italian Alps	1990–2010	55 ha/yr	Max. 147.2 ha, median 0.1 ha	Vacchiano et al. (2016)
Snow	Switzerlanda	1885	0.2 mio m3	Above 700 m asl	Coaz (1889)
Snow/Ice	Slovenian Alps	1918–2014	0.03 mio m3/yr		Zupancic (1969), SFS (2015)
Snow	Austrian Alps	1930–1931	0.4 mio m3/yr	Mainly 600–900 m asl	Weigl (1997)
Snow	Graubünden, CH	1990–2015	0.02 mio m3/yr	Mainly small scaled	Database Kt. Graubünden
Snow	Austrian Alps	2002–2010	0.3 mio m3/yr		Thom et al. (2013)
Snow/Ice	Slovenian Alps	2014	1.5 mio m3	Mainly broadleaved trees	SFS (2015)
Avalanches	Swiss Alps	1988	0.08 mio m3	1340 ha destroyed forest	Coaz (1889)
Avalanche	Swiss Alps	1891–2015	0.05 mio m3/yr	Max. 93 ha, median 1 ha	SLF-Avalanche database
Avalanches	Swiss Alps	1951	0.18 mio m3	2100 ha destroyed forest	SLF (1999)
Avalanches	Slovenian Alps	1951–1952	0.02 mio m3	450 ha destroyed forests	Cihal and Valinger (1959)
Avalanches	Swiss Alps	1999	0.16 mio m3	1400 ha destroyed forest	SLF (1999)
Bark beetles	Paneveggio/It	1920–1925	>0.1 mio m3	>30 years of prescribed cut	Motta et al. (2006a)
Bark beetles	Austriaa	1944–1991	0.2 mio m3/yr		Steyrer et al. (2011)
Bark beetles	Switzerlanda	1945–1950	0.25 mio m3/yr	On Spruce and Fir	Pfister (1988)
Bark beetles	Switzerlanda	1988–2000	0.2 mio m3/yr		Meier et al. (2010)
Bark beetles	Switzerlanda	2001–2007	1 mio m3/yr	Following blowdown in 1999	Meier et al. (2010)
Bark beetles	Austrian Alps	2002–2010	1.3 m3/yr		Thom et al. (2013)
Bark beetles	Aosta/Italian Alps	1984–2006b	840 ha/yr	0.85 ha/yr	Vacchiano et al. (2016)
Fire	Northern Swiss Alps	1990–2014	2.5 ha/yr	8 fires/yr, median size 0.02 ha	Pezzatti et al. (2010)
Fire	Central Swiss Alps	1990–2014	33.6 ha/yr	22 fires/yr, median size 0.1 ha	Pezzatti et al. (2010)
Fire	Southern Swiss Alps	1990–2014	176.7 ha/yr	52.2 fires/yr, median size 0.1 ha	Pezzatti et al. (2010)
Fire	Aosta/ Italian Alps	1961–2010	147 ha/yr	Yearly 0.15% of total forest cover	Vacchiano et al. (2016)
Fire	Hautes Alpes/Fr	1976–2015	87.5 ha/yr	16 fires/yr, median size 1 ha	http://www.promethee.com
Fire	Haute Provence/Fra	1976–2015	374.7 ha/yr	39 fires/yr, median size 1 ha	http://www.promethee.com
Fire	Alpes Maritimes/Fra	1976–2015	1322.5 ha/yr	180 fires/yr, median size 0.3 ha	http://www.promethee.com

^aArea partly outside of Alps.

^bWithout years 1991–93.

^cScattered disturbance, 20–60% remaining crown cover of affected stands.